如何比较两个字符串列表并返回匹配项

Question

I have this question as homework and I can't figure it out.

You have 2 lists of strings with contents of your choice. Use a loop that goes through the lists and compares the lists elements and displays only the list elements that duplicate (the element exists in both lists). The strings should be displayed even if in one is used uppercase and in the other lowercase or a combination of it.

I don't know why it's not working.

animals = ["dog", "bear", "monkey", "bird"]
pets = ["dog", "bird", "cat", "snake"]

print("The original list 1 : " + str(animals))
print("The original list 2 : " + str(pets))

res = [animals.index(i) for i in pets]

print("The Match indices list is : " + str(res))

Answer 1

Maybe this is what you were searching for.

l1 = ["asd", "dfs", "anv"]
l2 = ["asds", "dfs", "anv"]
temp = [x for x in l1 if x in l2]
print(temp)

If statements are to be used when comparing between two strings.

Answer 2

It's better to check for dictionary or set membership, than using list.index.

Dictionary lookup is a O(1) operation, compared to list.index or x in list ( list.__contains__ ) which is O(n).

You can construct a dictionary where the names map to the index in the input list.

>>> animals = ["dog", "bear", "monkey", "bird"]
>>> pets = ["dog", "bird", "cat", "snake"]
>>> animals_mapping = {name.lower(): idx for idx, name in enumerate(animals)}
>>> animals_mapping
{'dog': 0, 'bear': 1, 'monkey': 2, 'bird': 3}

>>> [animals_mapping.get(name.lower(), -1) for name in pets]
[0, 3, -1, -1]

Answer 3

Try this (quick and dirty):

animals = ["dog", "bear", "monkey", "bird"]
pets = ["dog", "bird", "cat", "snake"]

print("The original list 1 : " + str(animals))
print("The original list 2 : " + str(pets))
res = []
for a in animals:
    for p in pets:
        if a == p:
            res.append(a)


print("The Match indices list is : " + str(res))

Answer 4

I updated your code a bit so that it caters to similar elements with different casings (uppercase/lowercase)

animals = ["dOg", "bear", "monkey", "bIrd"]
pets = ["doG", "Bird", "cat", "snake"]

for x in range(len(pets)):
    pets[x] = pets[x].lower()

match = [x.lower() for x in animals if x.lower() in pets]
print("The original list 1 : " + str(animals))
print("The original list 2 : " + str(pets))
print("matched element(s) in both lists: ", match)