如何从 .bat 文件运行多个服务

Question

I would like to run selenium server from bat file. It means start hub and two nodes under the hub. On Ubuntu I have this script to do that:

  java -jar $jarFilePath -role hub & 
  java -jar $jarFilePath -role node -hub http://173.249.58.30:4444/grid/register/ & 
  java -jar $jarFilePath -role node -hub http://173.249.58.30:4444/grid/register/ & 
  exit 0

It is necessary to chain it with & cause the first command is still running and does not run next commands. But on Windows this does not work for some reasons. I found something like this for Win but still no success. It opens three terminal but nodes are not able to register to hub:

start cmd.exe /k "cd c:\Program Files\Selenium\Server & java -jar selenium-server-standalone-3.141.59.jar -role hub"

start cmd.exe /k "cd c:\Program Files\Selenium\Server & java -jar selenium-server-standalone-3.141.59.jar -role node -hub http://192.168.137.1:4444/grid/register/" 
start cmd.exe /k "cd c:\Program Files\Selenium\Server & java -jar selenium-server-standalone-3.141.59.jar -role node -hub http://192.168.137.1:4444/grid/register/" 

Thanks for any help.

Answer 1

The reason your commands are failing is because paths with spaces must be quoted (space is a token delimiter).

But the following will still fail because quotes cannot be nested, so the & is not quoted and the initial batch parser treats the line as two concatenated commands instead of a single start command.

For example, looking at the first line, this will not work

start cmd.exe /k "cd "c:\Program Files\Selenium\Server" & java -jar selenium-server-standalone-3.141.59.jar -role hub"

To fix the above, many people would escape the &

start cmd.exe /k "cd "c:\Program Files\Selenium\Server" ^& java -jar selenium-server-standalone-3.141.59.jar -role hub"

But I prefer to escape the outermost quotes so that I can write the commands as I would type them myself into the command prompt

start cmd.exe /k "cd ^"c:\Program Files\Selenium\Server" & java -jar selenium-server-standalone-3.141.59.jar -role hub^"

Note that cd does not change your active drive by default. So say your active drive is D: , then the above will still not work. You would have to use either cd /d "c:\Program Files\Selenium\Server" , or else pushd "c:\Program Files\Selenium\Server" .

But it is probably simpler to cd /d or pushd before your start commands so that you only have to do it once. START ed processes inherit the environment of the parent.

There is no need for the sub-process to remain open after the service terminates, so better to use cmd /c instead of cmd /k .

Your full script could be

@echo off
pushd "c:\Program Files\Selenium\Server"
start cmd.exe /c "java -jar selenium-server-standalone-3.141.59.jar -role hub"
start cmd.exe /c "java -jar selenium-server-standalone-3.141.59.jar -role node -hub http://192.168.137.1:4444/grid/register/" 
start cmd.exe /c "java -jar selenium-server-standalone-3.141.59.jar -role node -hub http://192.168.137.1:4444/grid/register/" 
popd

But I'm not sure you actually need to explicitly run java within cmd.exe . You may be able to simply use the following

@echo off
pushd "c:\Program Files\Selenium\Server"
start java -jar selenium-server-standalone-3.141.59.jar -role hub
start java -jar selenium-server-standalone-3.141.59.jar -role node -hub http://192.168.137.1:4444/grid/register/
start java -jar selenium-server-standalone-3.141.59.jar -role node -hub http://192.168.137.1:4444/grid/register/
popd

Finally, you likely don't need a separate window for each process, in which case you can add the /B option to the START command. Put that immediately after start .