如何在 R 中创建带有彩色单元格的水平图？

Question

I have the following data set (test) and would like to create a horizontal bar plot with "cells" of different colors depending on the "variable" values. For example, "A" in red, "B" in blue, and "C" in gray colors. The end plot should look like a "colorized stack progress bar". Thanks!

"","date_obs","variable"
"1",2021-01-06,"C"
"2",2020-11-04,"C"
"3",2020-10-27,"B"
"4",2020-07-02,"C"
"5",2019-09-04,"B"
"6",2019-08-07,"C"
"7",2019-05-08,"B"
"8",2019-03-13,"B"
"9",2018-10-12,"A"
"10",2017-12-12,"A"

Answer 1

Is this what you had in mind?

I've assumed the first row item extends to today's date.

library(tibble)
library(dplyr)
library(lubridate)
library(ggplot2)


tib1 <- 
  tib %>% 
  mutate(date_obs = ymd(date_obs),
         date_end = lag(date_obs),
         date_end = case_when(is.na(date_end)~ ymd("2021-04-13"),
                              TRUE ~ date_end))

ggplot(tib1)+
  geom_segment(aes(x = date_obs, xend = date_end, y = 1, yend = 1, colour = variable), size = 20 ) +
  scale_colour_manual(values = c("A" = "red", "B" = "blue", "C" = "gray50")) +
  theme_classic()+
  theme(legend.position = "bottom",
        axis.line.y = element_blank(),
        axis.text.y = element_blank(),
        axis.ticks.y = element_blank(),
        axis.title.y = element_blank())

An alternative approach might be to use geom_rect which allows you to include the cells for each time period by using the colour argument.

ggplot(tib1)+
  geom_rect(aes(xmin = date_obs, xmax = date_end, ymin = 1, ymax = 1.5, fill = variable), colour = "black" ) +
  scale_fill_manual(values = c("A" = "red", "B" = "blue", "C" = "gray50")) +
  theme_classic()+
  theme(legend.position = "bottom",
        axis.line.y = element_blank(),
        axis.text.y = element_blank(),
        axis.ticks.y = element_blank(),
        axis.title.y = element_blank(),
        aspect.ratio = 1/6)

data

tib <- tribble(
  ~"id",~"date_obs",~"variable",
  "1","2021-01-06","C",
  "2","2020-11-04","C",
  "3","2020-10-27","B",
  "4","2020-07-02","C",
  "5","2019-09-04","B",
  "6","2019-08-07","C",
  "7","2019-05-08","B",
  "8","2019-03-13","B",
  "9","2018-10-12","A",
  "10","2017-12-12","A"
)

^{Created on 2021-04-13 by the reprex package (v2.0.0)}