[英]unexpected output of a program
I have written a basic program in C++ as below:我在 C++ 中编写了一个基本程序,如下所示:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class asd {
int a,b;
public:
asd(int a, int b): a(a),b(b){}
void set(int a, int b) {
a = a + a;
b = b + b;
}
void show() {
cout<<"a: "<<a<<" b :"<<b<<"\n";
}
};
int main() {
asd v(5,4);
v.show();
v.set(1,6);
v.show();
return 0;
}
Its Output is quite surprising a: 5 b: 4 a: 5 b: 4它的 Output 相当惊人 a: 5 b: 4 a: 5 b: 4
Why the value of a and b didn't change.为什么 a 和 b 的值没有改变。 If I replace the set() function as below
如果我更换 set() function 如下
void set(int x, int y) {
a = a + x;
b = b + y;
}
then the output is as expected: a: 5 b: 4 a: 6 b: 10然后 output 符合预期:a:5 b:4 a:6 b:10
When you do当你这样做
a = a + a;
in the set
function, all three instances of a
is the local argument varible a
, and not the member variable a
.在
set
function 中, a
的所有三个实例都是局部参数变量a
,而不是成员变量a
。
A variable declared in a narrower scope hides variables of the same name in a wider scope.在较窄的 scope 中声明的变量会在较宽的 scope 中隐藏同名变量。 Here the narrow scope is the function and the wide scope is the object.
这里窄 scope 是 function 和宽 scope 是 ZA8CFDE6331BD59EB66AC96F8911C4。
To explicitly use the member variable, you need to say so with this->a
:要显式使用成员变量,您需要使用
this->a
说明:
this->a = this->a + a;
Or或者
this->a += a;
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