[英]Why is this program's output unexpected?
The following code when executed in eclipse, running on Ubuntu and compiled using g++ compiler, provides unexpected results. 以下代码在eclipse中执行,在Ubuntu上运行并使用g ++编译器进行编译时,会提供意外的结果。
#include <iostream>
int main()
{
unsigned int a=5555;
std::cout << (unsigned int)(((char*)&a)[0]) << "\n";
std::cout << (unsigned int)(((char*)&a)[1]) << "\n";
std::cout << (unsigned int)(((char*)&a)[2]) << "\n";
std::cout << (unsigned int)(((char*)&a)[3]) << "\n";
return 0;
}
I am trying to treat the variable a
as an array of integers each of one byte size. 我试图将变量
a
视为一个整数数组,每个整数一个字节大小。 When I execute the program, this is what I get as output: 当我执行程序时,这就是我的输出:
4294967219
21
0
0
Why is the first value displayed so large (here int
is of size 32 bits or 4 bytes). 为什么第一个值显示的太大(此处
int
的大小为32位或4个字节)。 So each of the output values should obviously be no greater than 255 right? 因此,每个输出值显然都不应大于255,对吗? And why are the last three values zero?
为什么最后三个值都为零? Or why I am getting the wrong result?
还是为什么我得到错误的结果?
I also got the same result when tested in code::blocks, running the same compiler. 在运行相同编译器的code :: blocks中测试时,我也得到了相同的结果。
This because char
is a signed integer type. 这是因为
char
是带符号的整数类型。
Decimal 5555 is hexadecimal 0x15b3
. 十进制5555是十六进制
0x15b3
。
The 0xb3
byte, when sign-extended to a signed int
, becomes 0xffffffb3
. 当将
0xb3
字节符号扩展为一个有signed int
,它变为0xffffffb3
。
0xffffffb3
interpreted as an unsigned int
is 4294967219 in decimal. 解释为
unsigned int
0xffffffb3
以十进制表示为4294967219。
This is because of sign-extension. 这是由于符号扩展。 Let's look at your
unsigned int a
in memory: 让我们看看您的
unsigned int a
内存:
b3 15 00 00
When you cast the first byte from a signed char
to an unsigned int
, the cast from char
to int
happens before the conversion from signed
to unsigned
, and therefore, the sign bit is extended, and the result ( 0xffffffb3
) is what you see on your first line. 当您将第一个字节从有
signed char
转换为unsigned int
,从char
到int
的转换发生在从signed
到unsigned
的转换之前,因此,对符号位进行了扩展,结果是( 0xffffffb3
)您的第一行。
Try casting to an unsigned char *
instead of a char *
. 尝试强制转换为
unsigned char *
而不是char *
。
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