Rust - clousures 和泛型类型

Question

To be honest, it's hard for me to describe the problem in words, so i'll show the code right away:

// SomeType / SomeTrait

struct SomeType;

trait SomeTrait {
    fn do_sth() -> &'static str;
}

impl SomeTrait for SomeType {
    fn do_sth() -> &'static str {
        "do_sth()"
    }
}

// SomeOtherType / SomeOtherTrait

struct SomeOtherType;

impl SomeOtherType {
    fn get_some_trait<C>(&self, c: C)
    where
        C: Fn(SomeType), // Takes clousure, clousure have to get `SomeType`-type paramm 
    {
        c(SomeType);
    }
}

trait SomeOtherTrait {
    fn perform_sth<C, D>(&self, c: C)
    where
        D: SomeTrait,
        C: Fn(&D) -> &'static str; // Takes clousure, clousure have to get type that implements SomeTrait
}

impl SomeOtherTrait for SomeOtherType {
    fn perform_sth<C, D>(&self, c: C)
    where
        D: SomeTrait,
        C: Fn(&D) -> &'static str,
    {
        self.get_some_trait(|arg: SomeType| {
            c(&arg); // <- Problem
            // Error: expected type parameter `D`, found struct `SomeType`
            // But `D: SomeTrait` and SomeType implements `SomeTrait`
        });
    }
}

fn main() {}

The code above is a simplified model of the situation I find myself in.

If i have |arg: SomeType| , the c clousure takes reference to generic type T , that implements SomeType - why can't i pass arg as argument for c ?

Thank you in advance for your help in solving the problem. I apologise for any mistakes in my English.

Answer 1

I don't think your current definition of SomeOtherTrait allows this since it leaves filling in the D parameter to the caller by defining it on perform_sth but you internally already bind it to be SomeType by virtue of SomeOtherType::get_some_trait .

If you introduce a generic parameter D on SomeOtherTrait , you can bind D in a given type's implementation of SomeOtherTrait to whatever it requires:

trait SomeOtherTrait<D> {
    fn perform_sth<C>(&self, c: C)
    where
        D: SomeTrait,
        C: Fn(&D) -> &'static str; // Takes clousure, clousure have to get type that implements SomeTrait
}

impl SomeOtherTrait<SomeType> for SomeOtherType {
    fn perform_sth<C>(&self, c: C)
    where
        C: Fn(&SomeType) -> &'static str,
    {
        self.get_some_trait(|arg| {
            c(&arg);
        });
    }
}

The other option is adjusting get_some_trait to be generic over the argument to c , although you'll then need to be able to construct it, eg through D::Default() :

// ...
struct SomeOtherType;

impl SomeOtherType {
    fn get_some_trait<C, D>(&self, c: C)
    where
        D: Default,
        C: Fn(D), // Takes clousure, clousure have to get `SomeType`-type paramm
    {
        c(D::default());
    }
}
// ...

which in turn entails adding the D: Default bound to SomeOtherTrait::perform_sth .

Answer 2

The issue is that this will only work if D is SomeType . Say for example I have the code bellow:

struct Foo;

impl SomeTrait for Foo {
    fn do_sth() -> &'static str {
        "Foo"
    }
}

SomeOtherType.perform_sth::<_, Foo>(|_: &Foo| "Bla" );

This code is completely valid, but the current implementation of perform_sth attempts to use SomeType despite my closure expecting Foo should be used instead.