如何使用 R 中的多重线性模型预测未来值？

Question

So i currently have a data set consisting of the Year, Credit Hours, and Number of students. I have been trying to predict future credit hours by the number of students.

   df <- data.frame("year = c(2018,2019,2020,2021), "student" = c(1000,1200,1350,1450), "credit" = c(4000,4300,4730,4250))


    mod <- lm(credit ~ year + student, data = df)
    summary(mod)

I would like to predict the number of credit hours for the next couple of years, lets just say 2022:2025, that also factors in predicted number of students. Is there a way to do this?

year	credit	student
2018	4000	1000
2019	4300	1200
2020	4730	1350
2021	4250	1450
2022	NA	NA
2023	NA	NA
2024	NA	NA
2025	NA	NA

In other words, how can I use a linear model in R to predict all of these NA values? I can do this in a simple linear regression no problem, but cannot seem to get it to work in multiple form.

Answer 1

You need to pass a dataframe to predict() as the newdata argument. The data frame requires you to specify values of independent variables for each prediction. If you also want to predict the number of students based on a linear model and use that as input then you can do that step first. Something like:

lm.student <- lm(students ~ year, df)
pred.student <- predict(lm.student, newdata = data.frame(year=2022:2025))

mod <- lm(credit ~ year + student, data = df)
MyNewData <- data.frame (year=2022:2025, student=pred.student)
pred <- predict(mod, newdata = MyNewData)