当我连接到 vps 时出现错误：连接被拒绝

Question

I wrote in vps- console two files, that work great (test message comes from the client and is displayed by the server script). Server.py:

import socket
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, True)
sock.bind(('localhost', 8884))

while True:
    try:
        client, addr = sock.accept()
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        sock.close()
        break
    else:
        client.setblocking(True) 
        result = client.recv(1024)
        client.close()
        print('Message', result.decode('utf-8'))

Clien.py:

import socket
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
sock.connect(('localhost', 8884))
sock.send(b'Test message!')
sock.close()

But if I use Client.py from my home computer , I get an error:

import socket
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
sock.connect(('145.148.81.8', 8884)) #ConnectionRefusedError: [Errno 111] Connection refused
sock.send(b'Test message from my house!')
sock.close()

How to fix?

Answer 1

your server code:

sock.bind(('localhost', 8884))

means that the server is only listening for incoming connections on loopback device.

Change that localhost to 0.0.0.0 and then the server listens on all available network devices.