使用 apply/lambda 解析字典列表

Question

I have a huge dataframe in which a certain column has a list of dictionaries (it is the school history of several people). So, what I'm trying to do is parsing this data to a new dataframe (because the relation is going to be 1 person to many schools).

However, my first option was to loop over the dataframe with itertuples(). Too slow!

Each list looks like this:

list_of_dicts = {
    0: '[]',
    1: "[{'name': 'USA Health', 'subject': 'Residency, Internal Medicine, 2006 - 2009'}, {'name': 'Ross University School of Medicine', 'subject': 'Class of 2005'}]",
    2: "[{'name': 'Physicians Medical Center Carraway', 'subject': 'Residency, Surgery, 1957 - 1960'}, {'name': 'Physicians Medical Center Carraway', 'subject': 'Internship, Transitional Year, 1954 - 1955'}, {'name': 'University of Alabama School of Medicine', 'subject': 'Class of 1954'}]"
}

df_dict = pd.DataFrame.from_dict(list_of_dicts, orient='index', columns=['school_history'])

What I thought about, was to have a function and them apply it to the dataframe:

def parse_item(row):
    eval_dict = eval(row)[0]
    school_df = pd.DataFrame.from_dict(eval_dict, orient='index').T
    return school_df

df['column'].apply(lambda x: parse_item(x))

However, I'm not able to figure out how to generate a dataframe bigger than original (due to situations of multiple schools to one person). Any ideas?

From those 3 rows, the idea is to have this dataframe (that has 5 rows from 2 rows):

Answer 1

Iterate over the column to convert each string into a python list using ast.literal_eval() ; the result is a nested list, which can be flattened inside the same comprehension.

from ast import literal_eval
pd.DataFrame([x for row in df_dict['school_history'] for x in literal_eval(row)])

Answer 2

This does the trick using your sample data (thanks for the performance tip in comments ):

list_df = df_dict.school_history.map(ast.literal_eval)
exploded = list_df[list_df.str.len() > 0].explode()
final = pd.DataFrame(list(exploded), index=exploded.index)

This produces the following:

In [54]: final
Out[54]:
                                       name                                     subject
1                                USA Health   Residency, Internal Medicine, 2006 - 2009
1        Ross University School of Medicine                               Class of 2005
2        Physicians Medical Center Carraway             Residency, Surgery, 1957 - 1960
2        Physicians Medical Center Carraway  Internship, Transitional Year, 1954 - 1955
2  University of Alabama School of Medicine                               Class of 1954

This will probably not be super fast given the amount of data, but parsing a dictionary of strings with nested objects inside will probably be pretty slow no matter what. You're probably better off parsing the file upstream first, then converting to pandas.