为什么 Lua 的内建 REPL 无法访问之前声明的本地变量？

Question

See the following example:

$ lua
Lua 5.4.4  Copyright (C) 1994-2022 Lua.org, PUC-Rio
> local a = 123
> print(a)
nil

This works as expected:

> local a = 123; print(a)
123

How should I understand the behavior compared to the doc ?

The scope of a local variable begins at the first statement after its declaration and lasts until the last non-void statement of the innermost block that includes the declaration.

Answer 1

In the Lua REPL, each (multi)line is loaded as an independent chunk via luaL_loadbuffer . The same system that makes require("mod_a") independent of require("mod_b") .

Therefore, the quoted sentence still applies because every time the REPL prints a > (compared to a >> which denotes a multiline ) a new block starts, thereby passing the boundary of "the last non-void statement of the innermost block".

Answer 2

Lua REPL treats each line of code as a separate chunk (as if it was a separate Lua file).
When a chunk execution is finished, all its local variables are lost.
So, only global variables are preserved between lines.
Lua REPL is just a REPL, it is not a debugger, where you would be able to watch and modify all variables while program is running.

To use local variables in a multi-line program in Lua REPL: start with do , enter multiple commands, and finally enter end to execute the program you entered.

$ lua
Lua 5.4.3  Copyright (C) 1994-2021 Lua.org, PUC-Rio
> do
>> local a = 123
>> print(a)
>> end
123
>