如何使用 mount(8) 和 fstab 注册 FUSE 文件系统类型？

Question

I've written a small FUSE-based filesystem and now the only part's missing is that I want to register it with fstab(5) to auto-mount it on system startup and/or manually mount it with just mount /srv/virtual-db . How can I achieve this?

I know, I can just run /usr/bin/vdbfs.py /srv/virtual-db from some init script, but that's not exactly pretty.

I'm sorry because this may be not exactly a programming question, but it's highly related, as the packaging and deployment is still the programmer's job.

Answer 1

In general, one "registers" a new mount filesystem type by creating an executable mount.fstype .

$ ln -s /usr/bin/vdbfs.py /usr/sbin/mount.vdbfs

If vdbfs.py takes mount -ish arguments (ie dev path [-o opts] ), then mount -t vdbfs and using vdbfs as the 3rd field in fstab will work. If it doesn't, you can create a wrapper which does take arguments of that form and maps them to whatever your vdbfs.py takes.

FUSE should also install a mount.fuse executable; mount.fuse 'vdbfs.py#dev' path -o opts will go on and call vdbfs.py dev path -o opts . In that case, you can use fuse as your filesystem type and prefix your device with vdbfs.py# .

Answer 2

So to clarify ephemient's answer, there are two options:

1. Edit /etc/fstab like this:

    # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> # ... vdbfs.py#<dev> /srv/virtual-db fuse user,<other-opts> 0 0

   Or,

2. Create an executable prefixed with "mount." (ensuring it can be used with mount -like options):

    $ ln -s /usr/bin/vdbfs.py /usr/sbin/mount.vdbfs

   And edit /etc/fstab like this:

    # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> # ... <dev> /srv/virtual-db vdbfs.py user,<other-opts> 0 0

With regards to auto-mounting at start up and manually mounting with mount , the user and noauto options are relevant and fully supported by fuse itself so you don't have to implement them yourself. The user option lets a non-priveleged user who is a member of the "fuse" group mount your filesystem with the mount command, and noauto directs your filesystem not to automatically mount at startup. If you don't specify noauto , it will automatically mount.

Answer 3

To clarify @patryk.beza comment on the accepted answer, the correct way to mount a FUSE file system is by setting the file system type to fuse.<subtype> .

For example, to mount an s3fs-fuse implementation, which does not provide a specific /sbin/mount.* wrapper and uses normally the s3fs user command to mount S3 buckets, one can use this command as root:

mount -t fuse.s3fs bucket-name /path/to/dir -o <some,options>

or this line in /etc/fstab :

bucket-name /path/to/dir fuse.s3fs <some,options> 0 0

or this SystemD mount unit (for example, /etc/systemd/system/path-to-dir.mount ):

[Unit]
Description=S3 Storage
After=network.target

[Mount]
What=bucket-name
Where=/path/to/dir
Type=fuse.s3fs
Options=<some,options>

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

How this works: mount recognizes the concept of "filesystem subtypes" when the type is formatted with a period (ie <type>.<subtype> ), so that a type with the format fuse.someimpl is recognized to be the responsibility of the FUSE mount helper /sbin/mount.fuse . The FUSE mount helper then resolves the someimpl part to the FUSE implementation, in the same way as the # format is used in the original answer (I think this is just a path search for a program named <subtype> , but I'm not 100% sure about it).

Answer 4

You could just use fuse filesystem type. The following works on my system:

smbnetfs    /media/netbios    fuse    defaults,allow_other    0    0

Another example:

sshfs#user@example.com:/    /mnt    fuse    user,noauto    0    0

Answer 5

After researching a lot found this solution to mount fuse filesystem suing fstab entry. I was using fuse for s3bucket to mount on local linux machine.

• .passwd-s3fs : Is containing credentials to access your aws account 1] Secret key and 2] Access Key .
• uid : User Id. You can type linux command id and you can get uid

Syntax:

s3fs#<Bucket_Name> <Mounted_Direcotry_Path> fuse _netdev,allow_other,passwd_file=/home/ubuntu/.passwd-s3fs,use_cache=/tmp,umask=002,uid=<User_Id> 0 0

Example:

s3fs#myawsbucket /home/ubuntu/s3bucket/mys3bucket fuse _netdev,allow_other,passwd_file=/home/ubuntu/.passwd-s3fs,use_cache=/tmp,umask=002,uid=1000 0 0

To mount you need run following command.

mount -a

To check your bucket is mounted properly or not use following command to check which shows all mounted points.

df -h