[英]Measuring daemon CPU utilization over a portion of its wall clock run time
I am dealing with a network-related daemon: it takes data in, processes it, and spits it out. 我正在处理与网络相关的守护进程:它将数据接收,处理并吐出。 I would like to increase the performance of this daemon by profiling it and reducing it's CPU utilization. 我想通过分析该守护程序并降低其CPU使用率来提高其性能。 I can do this easily on Linux with gprof. 我可以使用gprof在Linux上轻松完成此操作。 However, I would also like to use something like "time" to measure it's total CPU utilization over a period of time. 但是,我还想使用“时间”之类的方法来衡量一段时间内的CPU总利用率。 If possible, I would like to time it over a period that is less than its total run time: thus, I would like to start the daemon, wait awhile, generate CPU statistics, stop generating them, then stop the daemon at some later time. 如果可能,我希望将其计时的时间少于其总运行时间:因此,我想启动守护程序,稍等片刻,生成CPU统计信息,停止生成它们,然后在稍后的某个时间停止守护程序。
The "time" command would work well for me, but it seems to require that I start and stop the daemon as a child of time. “时间”命令对我来说将很好地工作,但是似乎需要我作为时间的孩子来启动和停止守护程序。 Is there a way to measure CPU utilization for only a portion of the daemon's wall clock time? 有没有一种方法可以仅测量守护进程壁钟时间的一部分的CPU使用率?
The /proc/<pid>/stat
file contains the necessary information - you're after the utime
and stime
fields. /proc/<pid>/stat
文件包含必要的信息-您在utime
和stime
字段之后。 Those are cumulative counters of the process's user-mode and kernel-mode CPU time used; 这些是所使用的进程的用户模式和内核模式CPU时间的累积计数器。 read them at the start of the measuring interval, then read them again at the end and calculate the difference. 在测量间隔开始时读取它们,然后在结束时再次读取它们并计算差值。
That will give you used CPU time in jiffies. 这将使您用尽CPU时间。 To determine the total elapsed wallclock time in jiffies (so you can convert to an average utilisation), sum the numbers on the cpu0
line in /proc/stat
(before and after, just like /proc/<pid>/stat
). 要确定以秒为单位的总挂钟时间(以便转换为平均利用率),请对/proc/stat
的cpu0
行中的数字求和(前后如/proc/<pid>/stat
)。
This is the layout of the first few fields in /proc/<pid>/stat
, from Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt
in the Linux source: 这是Linux源码中Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt
中/proc/<pid>/stat
前几个字段的布局:
Table 1-3: Contents of the stat files (as of 2.6.22-rc3)
..............................................................................
Field Content
pid process id
tcomm filename of the executable
state state (R is running, S is sleeping, D is sleeping in an
uninterruptible wait, Z is zombie, T is traced or stopped)
ppid process id of the parent process
pgrp pgrp of the process
sid session id
tty_nr tty the process uses
tty_pgrp pgrp of the tty
flags task flags
min_flt number of minor faults
cmin_flt number of minor faults with child's
maj_flt number of major faults
cmaj_flt number of major faults with child's
utime user mode jiffies
stime kernel mode jiffies
cutime user mode jiffies with child's
cstime kernel mode jiffies with child's
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