FIFO队列链表实现

Question

Here is code in which I am trying to implement a queue using linked list:

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
template <class Item>
class Queue{

public:
    struct  node{
      Item item;node *next;
      node (Item x){
        item=x; next=0;
      }
    };
    typedef node* link;
    link  head, tail;

public:
    Queue(int){  head=0;}
    int empty() const {   return head==0; }
    void put(Item x){

        node* t=tail;
        tail=new node(x);
        if (head==0) head=tail;
        else   t->next=tail;
    }
    Item get(){  

        Item v=head->item;link t=head->next;
        delete head; head=tail return v;
    }

    };

int main(){
    return 0;
}

but I have problems with pointers. For example, when I write Item v = head-> it should show me option to choose item but it does not show. Also in other place of code after -> this sign code does not give me possibility to choose item or next. Please help.

Answer 1

You would probably be better off reusing an existing container.

The STL explicitly contains, for example, a queue Container Adapter (based on deque by default, which is the most efficient choice).

If you don't need polymorphic behavior, a std::queue<Item> is what you're looking for, it's both extremely efficient (more than your custom list-based queue) and you will avoid memory management issues.

If you need polymorphic behavior, then use a std::queue< std::unique_ptr<Item> > .

Answer 2

ON: The -> operator can be overloaded so the development environment cannot be sure what to do with it. You can do the following (temporarily or permanently) if you really want to have auto-completion.

// IMPORTANT. Make sure "head" is not null before you do it!
Node &headNode(*head); // Create a reference 
headNode.next = tail; // Use TAB or CTRL+SPACE or whatever here after dot

OFF: I reviewed your code and made some corrections

template <class Item>
class Queue {
public:
        Queue()
        : head(0)
        , tail(0)
        { }
        bool empty() const { return head==0; }
        void put(const Item& x)
        {
                Node* t = tail;
                tail = new Node(x);
                if (head==0)
                        head = tail;
                else
                        t->next = tail;
        }
        Item get()
        {
                Item v = head->item;
                Link t = head->next;
                delete head;
                head = t;
                if(head==0)
                        tail = 0;
                return v;
        }
private:
        struct Node {
                Item item;
                Node *next;
                Node(const Item& x)
                : item(x)
                , next(0)
                {}
        };
        typedef Node* Link;
        Link head,tail;
};

• Removed int typed nameless parameter from Queue constructor
• Renamed node to Node and link to Link because Item is Item , not item . Just to make it somewhat standardized
• Initializing tail at the constructor of Queue .
• Using initializer list instead of code where possible.
• Fixing Queue::get() , setting tail to zero if the queue become empty.
• Using constant reference in parameter lists of Queue::put() and Queue::Node::Node()
• Node , Link , head and tail is private from now.
• Queue::empty() returns bool instead of int from now.