如何在Perl中使用正则表达式匹配子目录路径？

Question

I would like to match paths like /this/is/my/dir/name/anything but not /this/is/my/dir/name/anything/anything2 . In other words, I want to match all files and sub directories on the first level under ``/this/is/my/dir/name/`, but not anything on lower levels.

Answer 1

You could use the dirname function from File::Basename :

dirname($path) eq '/this/is/my/dir/name' or warn "No match";

UPD: If you prefer to use a regex:

my $dirname = '/this/is/my/dir/name';
$path =~ m|^$dirname/[^/]+/?$| or warn "No match";

Answer 2

The slashes present a problem for the default delimiters, you wind up with the leaning toothpick problem . Luckily, Perl 5 allows you choose your own delimiter if you use the general form: m// . Given that you want to match the whole string instead of just a substring, you will want to use anchors that specify start of string ( ^ ) and end of string ( $ ) :

if ($dirname =~ m{^/this/is/my/dir/name/anything$}) {
}

Note: the ^ and $ anchors are affected by the /m modifier (they change to mean start and end of line instead). If you are going to use the /m modifier, you may want to use the \\A (start of string) and \\Z (end of string or before a newline at the end of the string) or \\z (end of string) assertions .