扩展方法不适用于接口

Question

Inspired by the MVC storefront the latest project I'm working on is using extension methods on IQueryable to filter results.

I have this interface;

IPrimaryKey
{
  int ID { get; }
}

and I have this extension method

public static IPrimaryKey GetByID(this IQueryable<IPrimaryKey> source, int id)
{
    return source(obj => obj.ID == id);
}

Let's say I have a class, SimpleObj which implements IPrimaryKey. When I have an IQueryable of SimpleObj the GetByID method doesn't exist, unless I explicitally cast as an IQueryable of IPrimaryKey, which is less than ideal.

Am I missing something here?

Answer 1

It works, when done right. cfeduke's solution works. However, you don't have to make the IPrimaryKey interface generic, in fact, you don't have to change your original definition at all:

public static IPrimaryKey GetByID<T>(this IQueryable<T> source, int id) where T : IPrimaryKey
{
    return source(obj => obj.ID == id);
}

Answer 2

Edit: Konrad 's solution is better because its far simpler. The below solution works but is only required in situations similar to ObjectDataSource where a method of a class is retrieved through reflection without walking up the inheritance hierarchy. Obviously that's not happening here.

This is possible, I've had to implement a similar pattern when I designed a custom entity framework solution for working with ObjectDataSource:

public interface IPrimaryKey<T> where T : IPrimaryKey<T>
{
    int Id { get; }
}

public static class IPrimaryKeyTExtension
{
     public static IPrimaryKey<T> GetById<T>(this IQueryable<T> source, int id) where T : IPrimaryKey<T>
     {
         return source.Where(pk => pk.Id == id).SingleOrDefault();
     }
}

public class Person : IPrimaryKey<Person>
{
    public int Id { get; set; }
}

Snippet of use:

var people = new List<Person>
{
    new Person { Id = 1 },
    new Person { Id = 2 },
    new Person { Id = 3 }
};

var personOne = people.AsQueryable().GetById(1);

Answer 3

This cannot work due to the fact that generics don't have the ability to follow inheritance patterns. ie. IQueryable<SimpleObj> is not in the inheritance tree of IQueryable<IPrimaryKey>