从字符串中删除特殊字符

Question

我有一个字符串“MikaelHåfström”，其中包含一些特殊字符如何使用python删除它？

Answer 1

You can use the unicodedata module to normalize unicode strings and encode them in their ASCII form like so:

>>> import unicodedata
>>> source = u'Mikael Håfström'
>>> unicodedata.normalize('NFKD', source).encode('ascii', 'ignore')
'Mikael Hafstrom'

One notable exception is that the letters 'đ' and 'Đ' are not recognized by Python and they do not get encoded to 'd', so they will simply be omitted from the result. That's a voiced alveolo-palatal affricate present in the latin alphabet of some SEE languages, so it may or may not immediately concern you based on your audience or whether or not your providing full support for the Latin-1 character set. I currently have Python 2.6.5 (Mar 19 2010) running locally and the issue is present, though I'm sure it may have been resolved with newer releases.

Answer 2

例如使用编码方法： u"Mikael Håfström".encode("ascii", "ignore")

Answer 3

See this effbot article (includes code). It makes reasonable transliterations into ASCII characters where possible. It is possible to extend the built-in conversion table to handle many other characters (eg those used in Eastern European languages) that don't have a canonical decomposition.