[英]Regarding struct initialization in c++
I have Struct like these我有这样的结构
typedef struct sample
{
double x,
double y,
double z
}s1;
s1 s;
will the content in s variable initialized or not? s 变量中的内容是否会初始化?
What will be the values of x,y,z? x,y,z 的值是多少?
thanks谢谢
x
, y
and z
won't be initialized if s
is defined in a function scope.如果s
在 function scope 中定义, x
、 y
和z
将不会被初始化。 They would be containing some unspecified values.它们将包含一些未指定的值。 At file scope the data members would be initialized to their default values.在文件 scope 中,数据成员将被初始化为其默认值。
In C++ however you can have a constructor initializer list to initialize the data members在 C++ 但是你可以有一个构造函数初始化列表来初始化数据成员
For example例如
struct ABC
{
int x;
int y;
ABC(): x(1),y(2){}
};
ABC s; // x and y initialized to 1 and 2 respectively
In C++ you also have default initialization and value initialization to initialize data members.在 C++ 中,您还可以使用默认初始化和值初始化来初始化数据成员。
In the code you presented, the fields will be uninitialized.在您提供的代码中,这些字段将未初始化。 You can add a constructor (if you need/can), or in case you need the POD-ness (some part of your code depends on some of those properties) and you cannot add a constructor, you can still value-initialize the struct (ie set each member to 0) at the place of use:您可以添加一个构造函数(如果需要/可以),或者如果您需要 POD 特性(您的代码的某些部分取决于其中一些属性)并且您不能添加构造函数,您仍然可以对结构进行值初始化(即设置每个成员为0)在使用的地方:
struct sample // typedef not required
{
double x,
double y,
double z
};
sample s = sample(); // will set all members to 0.0
Now, if you want to initialize different members with some particular values, because it is an aggregate you can use aggregate initialization:现在,如果你想用一些特定的值初始化不同的成员,因为它是一个聚合,你可以使用聚合初始化:
sample s = { 1.0, 3.0 };
That will set x
to 1.0
, y
to 3.0
.这会将x
设置为1.0
,将y
设置为3.0
。 Since there is no value for z
, the compiler will set it to 0.0
.由于z
没有值,编译器会将其设置为0.0
。 Note that this means that sample s = {};
请注意,这意味着sample s = {};
is equivalent to sample s = sample();
相当于sample s = sample();
If it is C++, you could make constructor.如果是 C++,可以做构造函数。
struct s1
{
s1( const double x = 0.0, const double y = 0.0, const double z = 0.0 )
: x(x), y(y), z(z)
{
};
double x;
double y;
double z;
};
s1 s;
Built-in types like double
and int
are initialised if the variable is static
or at namespace
/file scope, otherwise - for efficiency reasons - they're not initialised unless a constructor indicates that's useful.如果变量是static
或在namespace
/ 文件 scope 中,则会初始化诸如double
和int
之类的内置类型,否则 - 出于效率原因 - 它们不会被初始化,除非构造函数表明这是有用的。
Note: this answer addresses the "s1 s;"注意:此答案针对“s1 s;” situation you describe.你描述的情况。 It is possible to provide an explicit initialisation when defining the variable, but that's another case.定义变量时可以提供显式初始化,但这是另一种情况。
To add a constructor so:要添加构造函数:
struct X
{
X() : x_(0), y_(0), z_(0) { }
double x, y, z;
};
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