[英]Making a stacked bar plot for multiple variables - ggplot2 in R
I have some problems with making a stacked bar chart in ggplot2.我在 ggplot2 中制作堆叠条形图时遇到了一些问题。 I know how to make one with barplot(), but I wanted to use ggplot2 because it's very easy to make the bars have the same height (with 'position = 'fill'', if I'm not mistaken).
我知道如何使用 barplot() 制作一个,但我想使用 ggplot2 因为很容易使条形具有相同的高度(如果我没记错的话,使用 'position = 'fill'')。
My problem is that I have multiple variables that I want to plot on top of each other;我的问题是我有多个变量,我想将 plot 放在一起; my data looks like this:
我的数据如下所示:
dfr <- data.frame(
V1 = c(0.1, 0.2, 0.3),
V2 = c(0.2, 0.3, 0.2),
V3 = c(0.3, 0.6, 0.5),
V4 = c(0.5, 0.1, 0.7),
row.names = LETTERS[1:3]
)
What I want is a plot with categories A, B, and C on the X axis, and for each of those, the values for V1, V2, V3, and V4 stacked on top of each other on the Y axis.我想要的是一个 plot,在 X 轴上具有类别 A、B 和 C,并且对于其中的每一个,V1、V2、V3 和 V4 的值在 Y 轴上彼此堆叠。 Most graphs that I have seen plot only one variable on the Y axis, but I'm sure that one could do this somehow.
我见过的大多数图表 plot 在 Y 轴上只有一个变量,但我确信可以以某种方式做到这一点。
How could I do this with ggplot2?我怎么能用 ggplot2 做到这一点? Thanks!
谢谢!
First, some data manipulation.首先,一些数据操作。 Add the category as a variable and melt the data to long format.
将类别添加为变量并将数据融合为长格式。
dfr$category <- row.names(dfr)
mdfr <- melt(dfr, id.vars = "category")
Now plot, using the variable named variable
to determine the fill colour of each bar.现在 plot,使用名为
variable
的变量来确定每个条的填充颜色。
library(scales)
(p <- ggplot(mdfr, aes(category, value, fill = variable)) +
geom_bar(position = "fill", stat = "identity") +
scale_y_continuous(labels = percent)
)
(EDIT: Code updated to use scales
packages, as required since ggplot2 v0.9.) (编辑:根据 ggplot2 v0.9 的要求更新代码以使用
scales
包。)
Excuse me for initiating a new answer while I really just want to add a comment on the beautiful solution provided by @Richie.请原谅我提出一个新的答案,而我真的只想对@Richie 提供的漂亮解决方案添加评论。 I don't have the minimal points to post a comments, so here is my case:
我没有发表评论的最低要求,所以这是我的情况:
The ... + geom_bar(position="fill")
threw an error for my plotting, I'm using ggplot2 version 0.9.3.1. ... + geom_bar(position="fill")
为我的绘图引发了错误,我使用的是 ggplot2 版本 0.9.3.1。 and reshape2 rather than reshape for the melting.和 reshape2 而不是为熔化而 reshape 。
error_message:
*Mapping a variable to y and also using stat="bin".
With stat="bin", it will attempt to set the y value to the count of cases in each group.
This can result in unexpected behavior and will not be allowed in a future version of ggplot2.
If you want y to represent counts of cases, use stat="bin" and don't map a variable to y.
If you want y to represent values in the data, use stat="identity".
See ?geom_bar for examples. (Deprecated; last used in version 0.9.2)
stat_bin: binwidth defaulted to range/30. Use 'binwidth = x' to adjust this.
Error in pmin(y, 0) : object 'y' not found*
So I changed it to geom_bar(stat='identity')
and it works.所以我将其更改为
geom_bar(stat='identity')
并且它可以工作。
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