通过将data.frame的列名传递给apply（）或plyr函数来替换所选列中的值

Question

Suppose I have a date.frame like:

df <- data.frame(a=1:5, b=sample(1:5, 5, replace=TRUE), c=5:1)
df
  a b c
1 1 4 5
2 2 3 4
3 3 5 3
4 4 2 2
5 5 1 1

and I need to replace all the 5 as NA in column b & c then return to df :

df
  a b  c
1 1 4  NA
2 2 3  4
3 3 NA 3
4 4 2  2
5 5 1  1

But I want to do a generic apply() function instead of using replace() each by each because there are actually many variables need to be replaced in the real data. Suppose I've defined a variable list:

var <- c("b", "c")

and come up with something like:

df <- within(df, sapply(var, function(x) x <- replace(x, x==5, NA)))

but nothing happens. I was thinking if there is a way to work this out with something similar to the above by passing a variable list of column names from a data.frame into a generic apply / plyr function (or maybe some other completely different ways). Thanks~

Answer 1

df <- data.frame(a=1:5, b=sample(1:5, 5, replace=TRUE), c=5:1)
df
var <- c("b","c")
df[,var] <- sapply(df[,var],function(x) ifelse(x==5,NA,x))
df

I find the ifelse notation easier to understand here, but most Rers would probably use indexing instead.

Answer 2

你可以做到

df[,var][df[,var] == 5] <- NA