省略尾部斜杠时，未在Bottle应用程序中加载静态文件
[英]Static files not loaded in a Bottle application when the trailing slash is omitted
问题描述
I am serving a test file through apache using Bottle. 
我正在使用Bottle通过apache提供测试文件。
Following are my apache config: 以下是我的apache配置：
WSGIDaemonProcess temp user=www-data group=www-data processes=1 threads=5
WSGIScriptAlias /temp /opt/gridops/usage/temp/adapter.wsgi
<Directory /opt/gridops/usage/temp>
WSGIProcessGroup temp
WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}
Order deny,allow
Allow from all
</Directory>
adapter.wsgi : adapter.wsgi ：
import os,sys
os.chdir(os.path.dirname(__file__))
sys.path = ['/opt/gridops/usage/temp'] + sys.path
os.chdir(os.path.dirname(__file__))
sys.stdout = sys.stderr
import bottle
print "++"*10
import index # This loads your application
application = bottle.default_app()
index.py : index.py ：
from bottle import mount, run
from routes import app
from bottle import default_app
default_app.push(app)
#run()
#run(app=app, host='192.168.1.3', port=8085)
routes.py : routes.py ：
from bottle import Bottle , run,route,static_file,view,template,post,request
app = Bottle()
print str(dir(app))
@app.route('/static/<filename>')
def server_static(filename):
return static_file(filename, root='static')
@app.route('/')
def index():
return template('template',text='This is index page!')
template.tpl : template.tpl ：
<html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="static/prettify.css" />
</head>
<body>
{{text}}
</body>
</html>
Directory Listing 目录列表
temp/
adapter.wsgi
index.py
routes.py
static/
prettify.css
views/
template.tpl
My issue is whenever I try to access the Bottle app using http://192.168.1.3/temp the webpage shows up without the static files, but whenever i access http://192.168.1.3/temp/ [Please note the extra / ] the page loads properly. 我的问题是每当我尝试使用http://192.168.1.3/temp访问Bottle应用程序时，网页显示没有静态文件，但每当我访问http://192.168.1.3/temp/ [请注意额外/ ]页面正确加载。 What modification should I do such that the result of both http://192.168.1.3/temp and http://192.168.1.3/temp/ become the same? 我应该做什么修改，使得http://192.168.1.3/temp和http://192.168.1.3/temp/的结果变得相同？
Any help would be highly helpful 任何帮助都会非常有帮助
3 个解决方案
解决方案1
14 已采纳 2012-03-01 23:01:53
The Problem 问题
The problematic line is this one: 问题是这一行：
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="static/prettify.css" />
The address of the CSS file is a relative one, thus the full absolute address is computed from the loaded page location. CSS文件的地址是相对的，因此从加载的页面位置计算完整的绝对地址。
For http://192.168.1.3/temp/ , it will be http://192.168.1.3/temp/static/prettify.css (correct). 对于http://192.168.1.3/temp/ ，它将是http://192.168.1.3/temp/static/prettify.css （正确）。
For http://192.168.1.3/temp , it will be http://192.168.1.3/static/prettify.css . 对于http://192.168.1.3/temp ，它将是http://192.168.1.3/static/prettify.css 。 temp is considered to be a file in the root directory, not a subdirectory of its own right. temp被认为是根目录中的文件，而不是它自己的子目录。
The Solution 解决方案
There is no viable way to use a single relative address for referring to the static resources. 没有可行的方法来使用单个相对地址来引用静态资源。 Your application will likely to have “nested” paths like /article/some-name , or /view/content/566 , or something like this, as well as paths as simple as / . 您的应用程序可能具有“嵌套”路径，例如/article/some-name ， /view/content/566 ，或类似的东西，以及像/一样简单的路径。
You can try to specify a root-based path, like /temp/static/prettify.css , in your template, but this means you will have to change the template if you relocate the app itself (say, to myapp.example.com/ from example.com/myapp/ ). 您可以尝试在模板中指定基于根的路径，例如/temp/static/prettify.css ，但这意味着如果您重新定位应用程序本身，则必须更改模板（例如，更改为myapp.example.com/来自example.com/myapp/ ）。
Instead, you need to tell the framework to make the correct path to the resource you need to use. 相反，您需要告诉框架为您需要使用的资源建立正确的路径。 Bottle has a function named get_url to facilitate this. Bottle有一个名为get_url的函数来促进这一点。 Unfortunately, it's not mentioned in the Bottle tutorials. 不幸的是，瓶子教程中没有提到它。
The Code 编码
Here's what you should do. 这是你应该做的。
In template.tpl , call get_url referring to the static handler: 在template.tpl ，调用get_url引用静态处理程序：
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"
href="{{ get_url('static', filename='prettify.css') }}" />
In routes.py , import get_url : 在routes.py ，进口get_url ：
from bottle import Bottle, run, route, static_file, view, template,
post, request, get_url
Then, name your handler so you can pass its name to get_url : 然后，为您的处理程序命名，以便将其名称传递给get_url ：
@app.route('/static/<filename>', name='static')
def server_static(filename):
return static_file(filename, root='static')
Finally, supply the actual get_url as the template argument when rendering the template: 最后，在渲染模板时提供实际的get_url作为模板参数：
@app.route('/')
def index():
return template('template', text='This is index page!', get_url=get_url)
Alternatively, instead of supplying get_url in every handler, set up a template default in index.py : 或者，而不是提供get_url在每一个处理程序，成立了一个模板默认index.py ：
from Bottle import SimpleTemplate
SimpleTemplate.defaults["get_url"] = app.get_url
Caveat : The last method seems to be undocumented, but was explained by the Bottle's author on the mailing list . 警告 ：最后一种方法似乎没有记录，但是由邮件列表上的Bottle的作者解释 。
Final Thought 最后的想法
As every page on a website should have a canonical address, you might want to choose one form (either with a trailing slash or without one) as canonical, and add some kind of redirect from the other one. 由于网站上的每个页面都应该具有规范地址，因此您可能希望选择一个表单（带有斜杠或没有斜杠）作为规范，并从另一个表单添加某种重定向。
解决方案2
1 2014-10-14 10:09:33
Another workaround is to add this redirection in your Apache configuration file : 另一种解决方法是在Apache配置文件中添加此重定向：
RedirectMatch 301 ^/(temp)$ /$1/
This will add a / at the end of your index page, so you don't have to modify your code. 这将在索引页的末尾添加一个/，因此您不必修改代码。
解决方案3
0 2014-03-04 21:57:48
One workaround is to add: 一种解决方法是添加：
<base href="/temp/">
to the head in the template. 到模板的头部。
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