堆上的C ++数组

Question

If I declare an array on the heap, how can I get information about the array?

Here is my code:

class Wheel
{
public:
    Wheel() : pressure(32)
    {
        ptrSize = new int(30);
    }
    Wheel(int s, int p) : pressure(p)
    {
        ptrSize = new int(s);
    }
    ~Wheel()
    {
        delete ptrSize;
    }
    void pump(int amount)
    {
        pressure += amount;
    }
    int getSize()
    {
        return *ptrSize;
    }
    int getPressure()
    {
        return pressure;
    }
private:
    int *ptrSize;
    int pressure;
};

If I have the following:

Wheel *carWheels[4];
*carWheels = new Wheel[4];
cout << carWheels[0].getPressure();

How can I get call the .getPressure() method on any instance in the array when it is on the heap? Also, if I want to create an array of Wheel on the heap, yet use this constructor when creating the array on the heap:

Wheel(int s, int p)

How do I do this?

Answer 1

Wheel *carWheels[4];

is an array of pointers to Wheel, so you need to initialize it with new:

for ( int i = 0; i < sizeof(carWheels)/sizeof(carWheels[0]); ++i)
  carWheels[i]=new Wheel(); // or any other c-tor like Wheel(int s, int p)

later you can access it like that:

carWheels[0]->getPressure();

size of array can be retrieved like above:

sizeof(carWheels)/sizeof(carWheels[0])

[edit - some more details]

If you want to stick to array you will need to pass its size on function call because arrays decays to pointers then. You might want to stay with following syntax:

void func (Wheel* (arr&)[4]){}

which I hope is correct, because I never use it, but better switch to std::vector.

Also with bare pointers in arrays you must remember to delete them at some point, also arrays does not protect you against exceptions - if any will happen you will stay with memory leaks.

Answer 2

Simple, replace

Wheel *carWheels[4];

with

std::vector<Wheel*> carWheels(4);
for ( int i = 0 ; i < 4 ; i++ )
   carWheels[i] = new Wheel(4);

You seem to be confusing () and [] , I suggest you look into that.

You do know that ptrSize = new int(30); doesn't create an array, right?

Answer 3

Like C, you will need to lug the array's element count around with your allocation.

This information is actually stored by the implementation in some cases, but not in a way which is accessible to you.

In C++, we favor types such as std::vector and std::array.

---

Other notes:

ptrSize = new int(30); << creates one int with a value of 30

How do I do this? Wheel(int s, int p)

Typically, you would just use assignment if you have an existing element:

wheelsArray[0] = Wheel(1, 2);

because you will face difficulty creating an array with a non-default constructor.

and while we're at it:

std::vector<Wheel> wheels(4, Wheel(1, 2));

is all that is needed to create 4 Wheels if you use vector -- no new required. no delete required. plus, vector knows its size.