如何在python中压缩相同前缀的文件？

Question

If I have a directory "C:\\Files" that contains a bunch of files:

A_File1 A_File2 B_File1 B_File2

What is the best way to iterate through the files to zip up any file with the same prefix into a single zip file? For instance, output would be "A.zip" and "B.zip" and their associated files.

I know how to iterate through the files:

for item in os.listdir("C:\FILES"):

But I do not know what the best way to zip up the files is or if there is some python library that helps with that.

Answer 1

Use the glob module from the standard library, instead of os.listdir:

from glob import glob

for file in glob("C:\\FILES\\A_File*"):
    ...

(If you are using backslashes to separate dirs, use two, because a single one is a escape character in Python strings)

Answer 2

This assumes that C:\\FILES\\ contains only files that you want to compress, and each file is in the format PREFIX_* .

import glob, os
import zipfile
import defaultdict

# We organize the file names in a dict to
# make writing out the zip files easier

d = defaultdict(list)

for fname in glob.glob(r'C:\FILES\*'):
   d[fname.split('_')[0]].append(fname)

# Now we go through each file by letter
for letter in d:
    with zipfile.ZipFile(letter+'.zip','w') as f:
        for filename in d[letter]:
            f.write(filename, os.path.basename(filename), zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)

Answer 3

for fname in glob.glob('c:\files\A_*'):
    print fname