在python中使用readlines？ 第一次

Question

I have a text file with columns of data and I need to turn these columns into individual lists or arrays. This is what I have so far

f = open('data.txt', 'r')
temp = []
for row in f.readlines():
    Data = row.split()
    temp.append(float(Data[0]))

When I run this I get IndexError: list index out of range .

Snippet of the data below:

16  0.2000  
17  0.3000  
18  0.4000  
20  0.5000  
21  0.6000  
22  0.7000
24  0.8000  
25  0.9000
26  1.000   

I need the first column, if possible to look like this: Data = [16, 17, 18, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26]

Answer 1

You are getting an empty list Data=[] if you read an empty row. You try to get the first element from the list using Data[0] ,but because it's an empty list it doesn't have an element at position 0, so you get an IndexError .

Data=''.split()

Data[0]
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
IndexError                                Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-686-0792b03cbbdf> in <module>()
----> 1 Data[0]

IndexError: list index out of range

This will print out the Data if IndexError occours - you can see yourself that it prints an empty list:

f=open('file','r')
temp = []
for row in f.readlines():
    Data = row.split()
    try:
        temp.append(float(Data[0]))
    except IndexError:
        print Data

You can use the with statement to open the file, that automatically closes the file after being processed. Also you can loop over the file itself, without using readlines() .

with open(file,'r') as f:        
     for row in f:
         Data = row.split()
         try:
            print Data[0]
         except IndexError:
            print 'You have an empty row'

EDIT: You are better of using the csv module:

import csv
with open('file.csv', 'rb') as f:
    reader = csv.reader(f, delimiter=' ')
    print [row[0] for row in reader if len(row)]
>>> 
['16', '17', '18', '20', '21', '22', '24', '25', '26']

Answer 2

use with for filehandlers.

with open('path/to/file', 'r') as f:
    for line in f:
        # code.

you index error comes from trying to access Data at the [0] location. which simply means your line was empty.

you should run a quick check before parsing the line...

if len(Data):
    #code
else:
    #empty line?

Answer 3

f = open('data.txt', 'r')
temp = []
for row in f.readlines():
    items = row.split(',')
    temp.append(unicode(items[0]))

I hope that it solves your problem.

Answer 4

def cal(num_list):
    x = 1;
    z = 0;
    while True:
        list1 = list(str(x))
        list2 = [int(a) for a in list1]

        for i in range(len(list2)):
            for j in range(10):
                if(list2.count(j) > num_list[list2[i]]):
                    z = 1;
                    break;
        if(z == 1):   
            save(x);
            break;      
        x = x + 1;

Answer 5

#matrix A to B
def show():
    global string_final,list_2,tot
    index=matrix_1.index(num)  # finding index of num

    length=n
    j=(index)%length # the column positon
    i=index/length # the row position

    list_1=[]
    for a in range(length):
        lis=[]
        for b in range(length):

            lis.append(matrix_1.pop(0)) #pop the first element and append the list

        list_1.append(lis)

    tot=0
    list_2=[]

    for a in range(i+1):
        for b in range(j+1):
            tot=tot+list_1[a][b] # add the numbers
            list_2.append(list_1[a][b]) #append to list
            if(b!=length):
                list_2.append(" ")  #append space
        list_2.append("\n")
    string_final="".join([str(a) for a in list_2])  #list to string


    print "matrix B\n",string_final,"\nx: ",str(num),"\nn: ",str(n)+"\ntotal: "+str(tot) # print the result

Answer 6

#matrix add zero
def get():
    global b_no
    num_list=[];
    file=open("matrix.txt","r");
    for i in file:
        b_no=0
        if(len(i.split())==1): #check length is 1 or not
            n=int(i)#string to int
        else:
            temp=i.split();
            if(len(temp)!=n):
                b_no+=1
                break
            temp=[0]+[int(a) for a in temp]+[0] #add zero at first and last
            num_list.append(temp);

    zero_list=[]

    for i in range(n+2):
        zero_list.append(0)         #append zero
    num_list.insert(0,zero_list)
    num_list.insert(n+1,zero_list)
    return num_list,n; 

Answer 7

我会避免使用Data [0]或row [0]，而是使用''.join（Data）或'.join（row）来避免空列表（列表索引超出范围错误）。