使用awk / sed在制表符分隔文件的中间添加重复的内容

Question

I have a text file (tab delimited) and I need to add a new header row in line 3

[Tab] ABC123   ABC124
[Tab] High     High
ENSG  8.9      7.2

The new line I want to be will be line 3, and then I'll want to print European 5 times, tab between each of them, then Asian 6 times, tab between each of them...

[Tab] ABC123   ABC124
[Tab] High     High    
[Tab] European European [this will be the new line]
ENSG  8.9      7.2

I'm think of using sed so that I can use

sed '4 i'

But I don't really know how to do the actually printing/appending of new content into that new line I'm guessing I'd need to start /European/\\t/a or similar.

Basically struggling, probably because I'm not googling intelligently!

Answer 1

Use sed '3i\\ \\tEuropean\\tEuropean' file :

$ cat file
        ABC123          ABC124
        High            High
ENSG    8.9             7.2

$ sed '3i\ \tEuropean\tEuropean' file
        ABC123          ABC124
        High            High
        European        European
ENSG    8.9             7.2

Edit:

I probably do something like this awk 'NR==3{for(i=0;i<10;i++)s=s"\\tEuropean";print s}1' :

$ awk 'NR==3{for(i=0;i<10;i++)s=s"\tEuropean";print s}1' file
        ABC123          ABC124
        High            High
        European        European        European    European    European    European    European    European    European    European
ENSG    8.9             7.2

Answer 2

There are several ways to do this. One technique is:

t="$(printf \\t)"  # Assign t to be a string with one tab
sed -e '4i\
European${t}European...
' input-file > output-file

With some shells, you can do things like t=$"\\t" , and with some sed you do not need a literal newline after the i , but the above is pretty portable. An you can always use a literal tab (you might need to type ctrl-v tab at an interactive prompt).

Answer 3

This might work for you (GNU):

sed -r '2!b;G;:a;/(\tEuropean){10}/!s/$/\tEuropean/;ta' file

Where 10 can be any number of the repeated field \\tEuropean