Javascript, convert unicode string to Javascript escape?

Question

I have a variable that contains a string consisting of Japanese characters, for instance;

"みどりいろ"

How would I go about converting this to its Javascript escape form?

The result I am after for this example specifically is:

"\は\い\い\ろ"

I'd prefer a jquery approach if there's a variation.

Answer 1

"み".charCodeAt(0).toString(16);

This will give you the unicode (in Hex). You can run it through a loop:

String.prototype.toUnicode = function(){
    var result = "";
    for(var i = 0; i < this.length; i++){
        // Assumption: all characters are < 0xffff
        result += "\\u" + ("000" + this[i].charCodeAt(0).toString(16)).substr(-4);
    }
    return result;
};

"みどりいろ".toUnicode();       //"\u307f\u3069\u308a\u3044\u308d"
"Mi Do Ri I Ro".toUnicode();  //"\u004d\u0069\u0020\u0044\u006f\u0020\u0052\u0069\u0020\u0049\u0020\u0052\u006f"
"Green".toUniCode();          //"\u0047\u0072\u0065\u0065\u006e"

Demo: http://jsfiddle.net/DerekL/X7MCy/

More on: .charCodeAt

Answer 2

Above answer is reasonable. A slight space and performance optimization:

function escapeUnicode(str) {
    return str.replace(/[^\0-~]/g, function(ch) {
        return "\\u" + ("000" + ch.charCodeAt().toString(16)).slice(-4);
    });
}

Answer 3

just

escape("みどりいろ")

should meet the needs for most cases, buf if you need it in the form of "\\u\u0026quot; instead of "%xx" / "%uxxxx" then you might want to use regular expressions:

escape("みどりいろ").replace(/%/g, '\\\\').toLowerCase()

escape("みどりいろ").replace(/%u([A-F0-9]{4})|%([A-F0-9]{2})/g, function(_, u, x) { return "\\u" + (u || '00' + x).toLowerCase() });

( toLowerCase is optional to make it look exactly like in the first post)

It doesn't escape characters it doesn't need to in most cases which may be a plus for you; if not - see Derek's answer, or use my version:

'\\u' + "みどりいろ".split('').map(function(t) { return ('000' + t.charCodeAt(0).toString(16)).substr(-4) }).join('\\u');

Answer 4

My version of code, based on previous answers. I use if to convert non UTF8 chars in JSON.stringify().

const toUTF8 = string =>
    string.split('').map(
        ch => !ch.match(/^[^a-z0-9\s\t\r\n_|\\+()!@#$%^&*=?/~`:;'"\[\]\-]+$/i)
            ? ch
            : '\\' + 'u' + '000' + ch.charCodeAt(0).toString(16)
    ).join('');

Usage:

JSON.stringify({key: 'Категория дли импорта'}, (key, value) => {
    if (typeof value === "string") {
        return toUTF8(value);
    }

    return value;
});

Returns JSON:

{"key":"\\u00041a\\u000430\\u000442\\u000435\\u000433\\u00043e\\u000440\\u000438\\u00044f \\u000434\\u00043b\\u000438 \\u000438\\u00043c\\u00043f\\u00043e\\u000440\\u000442\\u000430"}

Answer 5

I have an answer for this question. This function I made worked for me. To encode only the non utf-8 characters to Unicode.

function toUnicode(word){
       let array = word.split("");
       array =  array.map((character)=>{
                if(character.match(/[^a-zA-Z]/g)){
                    let conversion = "000" + character.charCodeAt(0).toString(16)
                    return "\\u" + conversion;
                 }
                 return character;
});
return array.join("")
}

Answer 6

Just use the encodeURI function:

encodeURI("みどりいろ")
"%E3%81%BF%E3%81%A9%E3%82%8A%E3%81%84%E3%82%8D"

And the other side decode it back:

decodeURI("%E3%81%BF%E3%81%A9%E3%82%8A%E3%81%84%E3%82%8D")
"みどりいろ"