Have nomatch return value as-is using match function in R

Question

I have a much larger existing dataframe. For this smaller example I would like to replace some of the variables (replace state (df1)) with newstate (df2) according to column "first." My issue is that values are returned as NA since only some of the names are matched in the new dataframe (df2).

Existing dataframe:

state = c("CA","WA","OR","AZ")
first = c("Jim","Mick","Paul","Ron")
df1 <- data.frame(first, state)

      first state
    1   Jim    CA
    2  Mick    WA
    3  Paul    OR
    4   Ron    AZ

New dataframe to match to existing dataframe

state = c("CA","WA")
newstate = c("TX", "LA")
first =c("Jim","Mick")
df2 <- data.frame(first, state, newstate)

  first state newstate
1   Jim    CA       TX
2  Mick    WA       LA

Tried to use match but returns NA for "state" where a matching "first" variable from df2 is not found in the original dataframe.

df1$state <- df2$newstate[match(df1$first, df2$first)]

  first state
1   Jim    TX
2  Mick    LA
3  Paul  <NA>
4   Ron  <NA>

Is there a way to ignore nomatch or have nomatch return the existing variable as-is? This would be example of desired result: Jim/Mick's states are updated while Paul and Ron's state do not change.

      first state
    1   Jim    TX
    2  Mick    LA
    3  Paul    OR
    4   Ron    AZ

Answer 1

Is this what you want; BTW unless you really want to work with factors, use stringsAsFactors = FALSE in your data.frame call. Notice the use of nomatch = 0 in the match call.

> state = c("CA","WA","OR","AZ")
> first = c("Jim","Mick","Paul","Ron")
> df1 <- data.frame(first, state, stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
> state = c("CA","WA")
> newstate = c("TX", "LA")
> first =c("Jim","Mick")
> df2 <- data.frame(first, state, newstate, stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
> df1
  first state
1   Jim    CA
2  Mick    WA
3  Paul    OR
4   Ron    AZ
> df2
  first state newstate
1   Jim    CA       TX
2  Mick    WA       LA
> 
> # create an index for the matches
> indx <- match(df1$first, df2$first, nomatch = 0)
> df1$state[indx != 0] <- df2$newstate[indx]
> df1
  first state
1   Jim    TX
2  Mick    LA
3  Paul    OR
4   Ron    AZ

Answer 2

I think you will get better behavior with character vectors than with factors.

> df1 <- data.frame(first, state,stringsAsFactors=FALSE)
> state = c("CA","WA")
> newstate = c("TX", "LA")
> first =c("Jim","Mick")
> df2 <- data.frame(first, state, newstate, stringsAsFactors=FALSE)
> df1[ match(df2$first, df1$first ), "state"] <- df2$newstate
> df1
  first state
1   Jim    TX
2  Mick    LA
3  Paul    OR
4   Ron    AZ

Answer 3

library(data.table)
DT1 <- as.data.table(df1)
DT2 <- as.data.table(df2)


setkey(DT1, first, state)
setkey(DT2, first, state)

DT1[DT2]
#    first state newstate
# 1:   Jim    CA       TX
# 2:  Mick    WA       LA

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Note that [.data.table also has a nomatch argument, ie:

DT2[DT1, nomatch=0]
#    first state newstate
# 1:   Jim    CA       TX
# 2:  Mick    WA       LA

DT2[DT1, nomatch=NA]
#    first state newstate
# 1:   Jim    CA       TX
# 2:  Mick    WA       LA
# 3:  Paul    OR       NA
# 4:   Ron    AZ       NA

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