I need to make class, for which each instantiated object will have unique id (simply incremented counter). For now, all 3 objects(b, b1, b2) shares one A.__COUNTER variable.
class A(type):
__COUNTER = 0
def __call__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
setattr(cls, "id", A.__COUNTER)
A.__COUNTER += 1
return type.__call__(cls, *args, **kwargs)
class B():
__metaclass__ = A
def __init__(self):
self.id
b = B()
b1 = B()
b2 = B()
print(b.id, b1.id, b2.id) -> (2, 2, 2)
Seems like I am digging in wrong direction
PS SOLVED
Sorry, guys, I did not mentioned that there can be couple classes which should share same id sequence. There are bunch of solutions, here how I solved it
class A(type):
__COUNTER = 0
def __call__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
obj = type.__call__(cls, *args, **kwargs)
obj.setId(A.__COUNTER)
A.__COUNTER += 1
return obj
class B():
__metaclass__ = A
def setId(self, id):
self.id = id
class C():
__metaclass__ = A
def setId(self, id):
self.id = id
b = B()
b1 = B()
b2 = B()
c = C()
b3 = B()
print(b.id, b1.id, b2.id, c.id, b3.id) -> (0, 1, 2, 3, 4)
Well, all objects in Python already have a unique id
>>> id("a string")
140588614961168
But if you want a separate counter, the method you use should work. More information on WHY you want this could help though.
You can just use a class variable instead:
class B ():
__lastId = 1
def __init__ (self):
self.id = B.__lastId
B.__lastId += 1
>>> [B().id for _ in range(10)]
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
As described in What is a metaclass? , a meta class is the class of a class, whereas you just want to modify the actually instantiated objects of a single type. So there's no need to go deep into the metaclass complexity level here.
A good solution depends on the use case. I've provided a very generic one.
IDAssigner
is a factory that sticks an ID onto everything is creates. Create an instance of IDAssigner
for a new pool of IDs. You call an instance of IDAssigner
passing the class to instantiate as the first argument, followed by arguments for the class's __init__
method.
from itertools import count
class IDAssigner(object):
def __init__(self):
self._next_id = count()
def __call__(self, klass, *args, **kwargs):
obj = klass(*args, **kwargs)
setattr(obj, 'id', next(self._next_id))
return obj
class Foo(object):
def __init__(self, value):
self.value = value
def __str__(self):
return self.value
create = IDAssigner()
foo_1 = create(Foo, 'Hello')
foo_2 = create(Foo, 'World')
print(foo_1, foo_1.id)
print(foo_2, foo_2.id)
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