Python amplitude spectrum plot

Question

I have two lists of float values, one for time and other for voltage values taken from an oscilloscope (I assume). I have to draw an amplitude spectrum plot, but i'm not exactly sure what function I need to use and what parameters I need to give it, I tried fft(u), but it didn't work.

Any help is appreciated, let me know if you need more info.

Answer 1

Use numpy .

As an example, let me show how I analysed the frequencies in a stereo WAV file;

First I read the data and separated it in the left and right channels;

import wave
import numpy as np

wr = wave.open('input.wav', 'r')
sz = 44100 # Read and process 1 second at a time.
da = np.fromstring(wr.readframes(sz), dtype=np.int16)
left, right = da[0::2], da[1::2]

Next I run a discrete fourier transform on it;

lf, rf = abs(np.fft.rfft(left)), abs(np.fft.rfft(right))

And we plot the left channel with mathplotlib;

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

plt.figure(1)
a = plt.subplot(211)
r = 2**16/2
a.set_ylim([-r, r])
a.set_xlabel('time [s]')
a.set_ylabel('sample value [-]')
x = np.arange(44100)/44100
plt.plot(x, left)
b = plt.subplot(212)
b.set_xscale('log')
b.set_xlabel('frequency [Hz]')
b.set_ylabel('|amplitude|')
plt.plot(lf)
plt.savefig('sample-graph.png')

The graph looks something like this;

Answer 2

Here is the Frequency-Time spectrum of the signal, stored in the wave file

import wave
import numpy as np
from scipy import signal
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

signal_wave = wave.open('voice.wav', 'r')
sample_frequency = 16000

data = np.fromstring(signal_wave.readframes(sample_frequency), dtype=np.int16)
sig = signal_wave.readframes(-1)

sig = np.fromstring(sig, 'Int16')

For the wave file

sig = sig[:]

For some segment of the wave file

sig = sig[25000:32000]

To plot spectrum of the signal wave file

plt.figure(1)
c = plt.subplot(211)
Pxx, freqs, bins, im = c.specgram(sig, NFFT=1024, Fs=16000, noverlap=900)
c.set_xlabel('Time')
c.set_ylabel('Frequency')
plt.show()