I don't really know how to achieve this without using a for loop:
x <- c('a', 'b', 'c', 'd')
> x
[1] "a" "b" "c" "d"
data <- data.frame(
x=c('a', 'b', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'a', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd'),
name=c('one','one', 'two','two','two', 'three', 'four','four','four','four'),
other=c(1, 4, 5, 3, 2, 4, 5, 6, 3, 2)
)
> data
x name other
1 a one 1
2 b one 4
3 a two 5
4 b two 3
5 c two 2
6 a three 4
7 a four 5
8 b four 6
9 c four 3
10 d four 2
I would like to split data
by the value of name
and merge
every subgroup with x
to fill the "missing rows", getting something like this:
> data
x name other
1 a one 1
2 b one 4
c one 0 <- missing row added
d one 0 <- missing row added
3 a two 5
4 b two 3
5 c two 2
d two 0 <- missing row added
6 a three 4
b three 0 <- missing row added
c three 0 <- missing row added
d three 0 <- missing row added
7 a four 5
8 b four 6
9 c four 3
10 d four 2
And finally, reformatting the data.frame
like this:
> data
x one two three four
1 a 1 5 4 5
2 b 4 3 0 6
3 c 0 2 0 3
4 d 0 0 0 2
I can achieve it using a for loop, but I am sure there has to be a better solution with *apply
, by
, split
or something like that. Any suggestions?
** UPDATE **
I finally used a little modification to the accepted answer (tnx again, dude!), since I don't really like working with levels
and I don't care the order of the columns:
grid <- expand.grid(x, unique(data$name))
colnames(grid) <- c("x", "name")
data <- merge(grid, data, all.x = TRUE)
data[is.na(data)] <- 0
dcast(data, x ~ name, value.var = 'other')
Try xtabs
. No packages are needed.
First put the levels of name
in order so the columns come out sorted:
data$name <- factor(data$name, levels = c("one", "two", "three", "four"))
tab <- xtabs(other ~., data)
giving this c("xtabs", "table")
class output:
> tab
name
x one two three four
a 1 5 4 5
b 4 3 0 6
c 0 2 0 3
d 0 0 0 2
or use as.data.frame.matrix(tab)
if output having "data.frame"
class is desired.
All you really need is reshape2::dcast
:
# clean up factor levels for prettier results
data$name <- factor(data$name, levels = c('one', 'two', 'three', 'four'))
library(reshape2)
dcast(data, x ~ name, value.var = 'other', fill = 0)
# x one two three four
# 1 a 1 5 4 5
# 2 b 4 3 0 6
# 3 c 0 2 0 3
# 4 d 0 0 0 2
To follow the steps you lay out, first use expand.grid
to get the combinations, then merge
with all = TRUE
, then use reshape2::dcast
to rearrange:
df <- merge(data, expand.grid(x, levels(data$name)),
by.x = c('x', 'name'), by.y = c('Var1', 'Var2'), all = TRUE)
df[is.na(df)] <- 0 # replace `NA`s with 0
df$name <- factor(df$name, levels = c('one', 'two', 'three', 'four')) # fix order of levels
library(reshape2)
dcast(df, x ~ name, value.var = 'other')
# x one two three four
# 1 a 1 5 4 5
# 2 b 4 3 0 6
# 3 c 0 2 0 3
# 4 d 0 0 0 2
To answer your first part you can use expand.grid
. The logic here to apply is:
Your data:
x=c('a', 'b', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'a', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd')
name=c('one','one', 'two','two','two', 'three', 'four','four','four','four')
other=c(1, 4, 5, 3, 2, 4, 5, 6, 3, 2)
Make this a dataframe:
ee<-data.frame(x,name,other)
Now use expand.grid to expand and apply all combinations to x and name:
dd<-expand.grid(unique(x), unique(name))
This looks like:
Var1 Var2
1 a one
2 b one
3 c one
4 d one
5 a two
6 b two
7 c two
8 d two
9 a three
10 b three
11 c three
12 d three
13 a four
14 b four
15 c four
16 d four
All your combinations have been created: Now use SQLDF or any merging package:
ff<-sqldf("select Var1, Var2, ifnull(c.other,0) from dd left join ee c on x=Var1 and name=Var2")
Therefore your output is:
Var1 Var2 other
1 a one 1
2 b one 4
3 c one 0
4 d one 0
5 a two 5
6 b two 3
7 c two 2
8 d two 0
9 a three 4
10 b three 0
11 c three 0
12 d three 0
13 a four 5
14 b four 6
15 c four 3
16 d four 2
>
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