iOS “Private”/AdHoc App Store - principle of operation

Question

How do the "private" app stores operate from a technological point of view?

For example, this store used in Iran: http://sibapp.com/

My questions are:

1. Do they require jailbreak?
2. How the apps are distributed, compared to the standard App Store.

Answer 1

You can enrol Apple Enterprise distribution program and create distribution certificate to create private environment. Apple also provide own environment or you can use third party ex. Air-Watch. Refer( Air-Watch )