How to secure access for user and admin in Firebase Database?

Question

I'm using Redux-Saga as a middle-ware. I'm passing a parameter via query to Firebase Database, but not able to access it on the Database end.

Query:::

database.ref("workouts")
.child(userId)
.once("value")
.then(snapshot => {
 console.log("onSuccess:", snapshot.ref, snapshot.val());
 resolve(snapshot.val());
 })
.catch(function(error) {
 console.log("Error fetching document: ", error);
 reject(error);
 });

UserId is a value I'm fetching from localStorage and sending to database via query using ".child(userId)"

Query::: (For Admin)

database.ref("workouts")
.once("value")
.then(snapshot => {
 console.log("onSuccess:", snapshot.ref, snapshot.val());
 resolve(snapshot.val());
 })
.catch(function(error) {
 console.log("Error fetching document: ", error);
 reject(error);
 });

Rules in database::::

{
"rules": {
         "workouts": {
          // grants write access to the owner of this user account || the user role is equal to  admin
          // grants read access to the owner of this user account || the user role is equal to  admin
".read":"(data.exists() && auth.uid != null && data.child(auth.uid).exists()) ||root.child('users').child(auth.uid).child('role').val() == 'admin'",
".write":"data.exists() ||root.child('users').child(auth.uid).child('role').val() == 'admin'"
                     }
         }
}

I've tried [query.equalTo] and [data.child(auth.uid).val()] methods to access the value, but didn't got any result.

JSON for Workouts:::::

"workouts" : {
"6OiasllKwVSjjRfrCarMAjhkKAH2" : {
  "-LD3nNIKw9Yk3HcoAL0-" : {
         "exercises" : [ {
          "muscleGroup" : "Chest",
          "name" : "Incline Dumbbell Fly",
          "sets" : [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ],
          "type" : "reps"
        } ],
        "name" : "Force Set",
        "reps" : [ "5", "5", "5", "5", "5" ],
        "type" : "Weights"
       }]
    },
    "workoutName" : "My Test workout"
  }

JSON for users:::::

 "users" : {
     "6OiasllKwVSjjRfrCarMAjhkKAH2" : {
     "email" : "testuser@gmail.com",
     "role" : "user",
     "uid" : "6OiasllKwVSjjRfrCarMAjhkKAH2"
       }
     }

Any kind of help is highly appreciated.

Thank you so much in Advance.

Edit:::: Added the query for admin. I want to fetch all the available data in the collection in the case of admin.

Answer 1

I think I see what's going wrong. Your JSON seems to have all workouts for a user, under /workouts/$uid . Your rules try to give the user access to all of /workouts , instead of just their own.

The solution is to move the rule one level lower into the tree:

{
  "rules": {
    "workouts": {
      // grants access to the owner of this user account || the user role is equal to  admin
      "$uid": {
        ".read":"auth.uid == $uid || root.child('users').child(auth.uid).child('role').val() == 'admin'",
      },
      ".write":"data.exists() || root.child('users').child(auth.uid).child('role').val() == 'admin'"
    }
  }
}

Also see the documentation on securing user data , which has a good simple sample of this.

Update : if you want to allow the admin to read /workouts and each user to be able to read their own workouts under /workouts/$uid , then you need these rules:

{
  "rules": {
    "workouts": {
      // grants access to the owner of this user account
      "$uid": {
        "read": "auth.uid == $uid",
      },
      // grants access to the admin
      ".read": "root.child('users').child(auth.uid).child('role').val() == 'admin'",
      ".write": "data.exists() || root.child('users').child(auth.uid).child('role').val() == 'admin'"
    }
  }
}