Laravel showing 1215(Cannot add foreign key constraint) when using migration:fresh through ssh

Question

Laravel 5.6.38

MySQL 5.7.23

PHP v7.2.10

In localhost PHP 7.2.4, It is working fine in localhost but in production it is showing below error.

php artisan migrate:fresh
Dropped all tables successfully.
Migration table created successfully.

   Illuminate\Database\QueryException  : SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 1215 Cannot add foreign key constraint (SQL: alter table `videos` add constraint `videos_video_status_id_foreign` foreign key (`video_status_id`) references `statuses` (`status_id`))

  at /var/www/html/myapp/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Connection.php:664
    660|         // If an exception occurs when attempting to run a query, we'll format the error
    661|         // message to include the bindings with SQL, which will make this exception a
    662|         // lot more helpful to the developer instead of just the database's errors.
    663|         catch (Exception $e) {
  > 664|             throw new QueryException(
    665|                 $query, $this->prepareBindings($bindings), $e
    666|             );
    667|         }
    668|

  Exception trace:

  1   PDOException::("SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 1215 Cannot add foreign key constraint")
      /var/www/html/myapp/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Connection.php:458

  2   PDOStatement::execute()
      /var/www/html/myapp/vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Connection.php:458

  Please use the argument -v to see more details.

This is how it is running in localhost

D:\work\www\myapp>php artisan migrate:fresh
Dropped all tables successfully.
Migration table created successfully.
Migrating: 2014_10_12_000000_create_users_table
Migrated:  2014_10_12_000000_create_users_table
Migrating: 2014_10_12_100000_create_password_resets_table
Migrated:  2014_10_12_100000_create_password_resets_table
Migrating: 2018_08_29_112331_entrust_setup_tables
Migrated:  2018_08_29_112331_entrust_setup_tables
Migrating: 2018_08_31_103313_create_audits_table
Migrated:  2018_08_31_103313_create_audits_table
Migrating: 2018_09_06_125909_create_videos_table
Migrated:  2018_09_06_125909_create_videos_table
Migrating: 2018_09_12_064922_create_labels_table
Migrated:  2018_09_12_064922_create_labels_table
Migrating: 2018_09_14_073215_create_statuses_table
Migrated:  2018_09_14_073215_create_statuses_table
Migrating: 2018_09_14_114329_create_video_taggings_table
Migrated:  2018_09_14_114329_create_video_taggings_table
Migrating: 2018_09_15_105623_create_priorities_table
Migrated:  2018_09_15_105623_create_priorities_table
Migrating: 2018_09_17_044820_create_comments_table
Migrated:  2018_09_17_044820_create_comments_table
Migrating: 2018_09_24_130041_create_video_tagging_q_as_table
Migrated:  2018_09_24_130041_create_video_tagging_q_as_table

Update after discussion with @apokryfos

Now the migration files are

2014_10_12_000000_create_users_table
2014_10_12_100000_create_password_resets_table
2018_08_29_112331_entrust_setup_tables
2018_08_31_103313_create_audits_table
2018_09_06_064922_create_labels_table
2018_09_06_073215_create_statuses_table
2018_09_06_105623_create_priorities_table
2018_09_06_125909_create_videos_table
2018_09_14_114329_create_video_taggings_table
2018_09_17_044820_create_comments_table
2018_09_24_130041_create_video_tagging_q_as_table

and I am getting error

Dropped all tables successfully.
Migration table created successfully.

   Illuminate\Database\QueryException  : SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 1215 Cannot add foreign key constraint (SQL: alter table `videos` add constraint `videos_video_identified_by_foreign` foreign key (`video_identified_by`) references `users` (`id`))

  at D:\work\www\myapp\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Connection.php:664
    660|         // If an exception occurs when attempting to run a query, we'll format the error
    661|         // message to include the bindings with SQL, which will make this exception a
    662|         // lot more helpful to the developer instead of just the database's errors.
    663|         catch (Exception $e) {
  > 664|             throw new QueryException(
    665|                 $query, $this->prepareBindings($bindings), $e
    666|             );
    667|         }
    668|

  Exception trace:

  1   PDOException::("SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 1215 Cannot add foreign key constraint")
      D:\work\www\myapp\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Connection.php:458

  2   PDOStatement::execute()
      D:\work\www\myapp\vendor\laravel\framework\src\Illuminate\Database\Connection.php:458

so, the issue is not the date on which migration files are created, it sems different.

Please use the argument -v to see more details.

Answer 1

I solved it some how, but I would like to confess, everyone should use Laravel migration very strictly.

What is the mistake?

• I was working on localhost, so during development, you need a lot changes to your table structure and I also need to regenerate tables a lot of time during the process, so what I thought is, I do not need to create another migration file for each modification as, I am regenerating everything for now, When the application will be completed and I will need to make changes, in that time I will use separate migration file.

What is the problem ?

• Laravel was creating tables as per migration file created date and it will never use your file update that :P, so when one table is created and need foreign key from another table, which is not created still now, it will produce this error.

so, if your FK is pointing on a PK, ensure the source column exists.

How you can solve it?

• Adjust the order of migration files generation. Generate new files in proper order, copy-in the content, then delete the disordered old files.

And this is never a great idea, so please follow the rules strictly.