spark group and reduce based on adjacent rows as well as single row

Question

I have a dataframe like below and want to reduce them by combining adjacent rowa ie previous.close = current.open

val df = Seq(
  ("Ray","2018-09-01","2018-09-10"),
  ("Ray","2018-09-10","2018-09-15"),
  ("Ray","2018-09-16","2018-09-18"),
  ("Ray","2018-09-21","2018-09-27"),
  ("Ray","2018-09-27","2018-09-30"),
  ("Scott","2018-09-21","2018-09-23"),
  ("Scott","2018-09-24","2018-09-28"),
  ("Scott","2018-09-28","2018-09-30"),
  ("Scott","2018-10-05","2018-10-09"),
  ("Scott","2018-10-11","2018-10-15"),
  ("Scott","2018-10-15","2018-09-20")
)

The required output is below:

  (("Ray","2018-09-01","2018-09-15"),
  ("Ray","2018-09-16","2018-09-18"),
  ("Ray","2018-09-21","2018-09-30"),
  ("Scott","2018-09-21","2018-09-23"),
  ("Scott","2018-09-24","2018-09-30"),
  ("Scott","2018-10-05","2018-10-09"),
  ("Scott","2018-10-11","2018-10-20"))

So, far, I'm able to condense the adjacent rows by using the below DF() solution.

df.alias("t1").join(df.alias("t2"),$"t1.name" === $"t2.name" and $"t1.close"=== $"t2.open" )
  .select("t1.name","t1.open","t2.close")
  .distinct.show(false) 

|name |open      |close     |
+-----+----------+----------+
|Scott|2018-09-24|2018-09-30|
|Scott|2018-10-11|2018-09-20|
|Ray  |2018-09-01|2018-09-15|
|Ray  |2018-09-21|2018-09-30|
+-----+----------+----------+

I'm trying to use similar style to get single rows by giving $"t1.close"=!= $"t2.open" and then doing a union of both to get the final result. But I get unwanted rows, which I'm not able to filter correctly. How to achieve this?.

This post is not same as Spark SQL window function with complex condition where it calculates additional date column as a new column.

Answer 1

Here's one approach:

1. Create new column temp1 with null value if current open equals previous close ; otherwise value of current open
2. Create another column temp2 that backfills null s in temp1 with the last non-null value
3. Group resulting dataset by ( name , temp2 ) to generate the contiguous date ranges

I've revised your sample data to cover cases of contiguous date range over 2+ rows.

import org.apache.spark.sql.functions._
import org.apache.spark.sql.expressions.Window

val df = Seq(
  ("Ray","2018-09-01","2018-09-10"),
  ("Ray","2018-09-10","2018-09-15"),
  ("Ray","2018-09-16","2018-09-18"),
  ("Ray","2018-09-21","2018-09-27"),
  ("Ray","2018-09-27","2018-09-30"),
  ("Scott","2018-09-21","2018-09-23"),
  ("Scott","2018-09-23","2018-09-28"),  // <-- Revised
  ("Scott","2018-09-28","2018-09-30"),
  ("Scott","2018-10-05","2018-10-09"),
  ("Scott","2018-10-11","2018-10-15"),
  ("Scott","2018-10-15","2018-10-20")
).toDF("name", "open", "close")

val win = Window.partitionBy($"name").orderBy("open", "close")

val df2 = df.
  withColumn("temp1", when(
    row_number.over(win) === 1 || lag($"close", 1).over(win) =!= $"open", $"open")
  ).
  withColumn("temp2", last($"temp1", ignoreNulls=true).over(
    win.rowsBetween(Window.unboundedPreceding, 0)
  ))

df2.show
// +-----+----------+----------+----------+----------+
// | name|      open|     close|     temp1|     temp2|
// +-----+----------+----------+----------+----------+
// |Scott|2018-09-21|2018-09-23|2018-09-21|2018-09-21|
// |Scott|2018-09-23|2018-09-28|      null|2018-09-21|
// |Scott|2018-09-28|2018-09-30|      null|2018-09-21|
// |Scott|2018-10-05|2018-10-09|2018-10-05|2018-10-05|
// |Scott|2018-10-11|2018-10-15|2018-10-11|2018-10-11|
// |Scott|2018-10-15|2018-10-20|      null|2018-10-11|
// |  Ray|2018-09-01|2018-09-10|2018-09-01|2018-09-01|
// |  Ray|2018-09-10|2018-09-15|      null|2018-09-01|
// |  Ray|2018-09-16|2018-09-18|2018-09-16|2018-09-16|
// |  Ray|2018-09-21|2018-09-27|2018-09-21|2018-09-21|
// |  Ray|2018-09-27|2018-09-30|      null|2018-09-21|
// +-----+----------+----------+----------+----------+

The above shows result of step 1 and 2 with temp2 holding the value of the earliest open of the corresponding contiguous date range. Step 3 uses max to get the latest close of the date range:

df2.
  groupBy($"name", $"temp2".as("open")).agg(max($"close").as("close")).
  show
// +-----+----------+----------+
// |name |open      |close     |
// +-----+----------+----------+
// |Scott|2018-09-21|2018-09-30|
// |Scott|2018-10-05|2018-10-09|
// |Scott|2018-10-11|2018-10-20|
// |Ray  |2018-09-01|2018-09-15|
// |Ray  |2018-09-16|2018-09-18|
// |Ray  |2018-09-21|2018-09-30|
// +-----+----------+----------+

Answer 2

UPDATED: the code is now tested :-)

import org.apache.spark.sql.expressions.Window
import org.apache.spark.sql.functions.{coalesce, datediff, lag, lit, min, sum}

val df = Seq(
  ("Ray","2018-09-01","2018-09-10"),
  ("Ray","2018-09-10","2018-09-15"),
  ("Ray","2018-09-16","2018-09-18"),
  ("Ray","2018-09-21","2018-09-27"),
  ("Ray","2018-09-27","2018-09-30"),
  ("Scott","2018-09-21","2018-09-23"),
  ("Scott","2018-09-23","2018-09-28"),  // <-- Revised
  ("Scott","2018-09-28","2018-09-30"),
  ("Scott","2018-10-05","2018-10-09"),
  ("Scott","2018-10-11","2018-10-15"),
  ("Scott","2018-10-15","2018-10-20")
).toDF("name", "open", "close")

val window = Window.partitionBy("name").orderBy($"open").rowsBetween(-1, Window.currentRow) //<- only compare the dates of a certain name, and for each row look also look at the previous one

df.select(
  $"name", $"open", $"close",
  min($"close").over(window) as "closeBefore_tmp"//<- get the smaller close value (that of the previous entry) 
)
.withColumn("closeBefore", when($"closeBefore_tmp" === $"close", null).otherwise($"closeBefore_tmp")) //<- in this case there was no previous row: its the first for this user, so set closeBefore to null
.createOrReplaceTempView("tmp")

Now you can compare open and closeBefore .