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How to change the size of a sign

I want to change the sign ^ to be wider and bigger when written over a letter like this: ô

How do I go on about doing this?

To do this you would need to change to a font that will represent the character like that. You can include non-websafe font in a page https://www.w3schools.com/css/css3_fonts.asp

The other option would be to use a javascript latex renderer and use that to specify that you want a wider hat. Javascript tex Making a hat wider in latex

Although onerous and not accessible by default, you could fake something like this using CSS. But I would consider jhylands answer to be the correct/best one; I only include this for completeness.

 .special-letter { display: inline-flex; flex-direction: column; }.special-letter.char { line-height: 0.4em; }.char.caret { transform: scaleX(2); }
 <div class="special-letter"> <div class="char caret">^</div> <div class="char o">o</div> </div>

Shipping a custom font with your new "o-with-wide-circumflex" character inside, as suggested in the other answer, is probably the best solution. However, depending on your requirements, it should be possible to approximate what you want with just CSS:

 .c { transform: scaleX(3); display: inline-block; position: relative; left: -0.25em; }
 <h1>Rhône</h1> <h1>Rho<span class="c">&#770;</span>ne</h1>

This scales a combining circumflex character horizontally to make it wider, then nudges it to the left slightly.

Note:

  1. Screen readers may have trouble with this trickery, and no longer be able to pronounce the word. Use the aria-label and aria-hidden attributes if accessibility is a factor.
  2. Whether it looks reasonable/pretty will depend on the browser, font, rendering library and so on. It happens to kinda-sorta look okay here (Chrome, Linux).

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