[英]Convert relative path to absolute using JavaScript
有一个 function,它给我的网址如下:
./some.css
./extra/some.css
../../lib/slider/slider.css
它始终是相对路径。
假设我们知道页面的当前路径,例如http://site.com/stats/2012/
,不确定如何将这些相对路径转换为真实路径?
我们应该得到类似的东西:
./some.css => http://site.com/stats/2012/some.css
./extra/some.css => http://site.com/stats/2012/extra/some.css
../../lib/slider/slider.css => http://site.com/lib/slider/slider.css
没有 jQuery,只有香草 javascript。
最简单、有效和正确的方法就是使用URL api。
new URL("http://www.stackoverflow.com?q=hello").href;
//=> http://www.stackoverflow.com/?q=hello"
new URL("mypath","http://www.stackoverflow.com").href;
//=> "http://www.stackoverflow.com/mypath"
new URL("../mypath","http://www.stackoverflow.com/search").href
//=> "http://www.stackoverflow.com/mypath"
new URL("../mypath", document.baseURI).href
//=> "https://stackoverflow.com/questions/mypath"
在性能方面,该解决方案看齐使用字符串操作和快两倍,创建a
标签。
Javascript 将为您完成。 无需创建函数。
var link = document.createElement("a");
link.href = "../../lib/slider/slider.css";
alert(link.protocol+"//"+link.host+link.pathname+link.search+link.hash);
// Output will be "http://www.yoursite.com/lib/slider/slider.css"
但是如果你需要它作为一个函数:
var absolutePath = function(href) {
var link = document.createElement("a");
link.href = href;
return (link.protocol+"//"+link.host+link.pathname+link.search+link.hash);
}
更新:如果您需要完整的绝对路径,则使用更简单的版本:
var absolutePath = function(href) {
var link = document.createElement("a");
link.href = href;
return link.href;
}
这应该这样做:
function absolute(base, relative) {
var stack = base.split("/"),
parts = relative.split("/");
stack.pop(); // remove current file name (or empty string)
// (omit if "base" is the current folder without trailing slash)
for (var i=0; i<parts.length; i++) {
if (parts[i] == ".")
continue;
if (parts[i] == "..")
stack.pop();
else
stack.push(parts[i]);
}
return stack.join("/");
}
这来自MDN是牢不可破的!
/*\
|*|
|*| :: translate relative paths to absolute paths ::
|*|
|*| https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/document.cookie
|*|
|*| The following code is released under the GNU Public License, version 3 or later.
|*| http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0-standalone.html
|*|
\*/
function relPathToAbs (sRelPath) {
var nUpLn, sDir = "", sPath = location.pathname.replace(/[^\/]*$/, sRelPath.replace(/(\/|^)(?:\.?\/+)+/g, "$1"));
for (var nEnd, nStart = 0; nEnd = sPath.indexOf("/../", nStart), nEnd > -1; nStart = nEnd + nUpLn) {
nUpLn = /^\/(?:\.\.\/)*/.exec(sPath.slice(nEnd))[0].length;
sDir = (sDir + sPath.substring(nStart, nEnd)).replace(new RegExp("(?:\\\/+[^\\\/]*){0," + ((nUpLn - 1) / 3) + "}$"), "/");
}
return sDir + sPath.substr(nStart);
}
示例用法:
/* Let us be in /en-US/docs/Web/API/document.cookie */
alert(location.pathname);
// displays: /en-US/docs/Web/API/document.cookie
alert(relPathToAbs("./"));
// displays: /en-US/docs/Web/API/
alert(relPathToAbs("../Guide/API/DOM/Storage"));
// displays: /en-US/docs/Web/Guide/API/DOM/Storage
alert(relPathToAbs("../../Firefox"));
// displays: /en-US/docs/Firefox
alert(relPathToAbs("../Guide/././API/../../../Firefox"));
// displays: /en-US/docs/Firefox
如果您想对来自浏览器中自定义网页的链接(而不是运行脚本的页面)进行相对到绝对转换,您可以使用@Bergi 建议的功能的更增强版本:
var resolveURL=function resolve(url, base){
if('string'!==typeof url || !url){
return null; // wrong or empty url
}
else if(url.match(/^[a-z]+\:\/\//i)){
return url; // url is absolute already
}
else if(url.match(/^\/\//)){
return 'http:'+url; // url is absolute already
}
else if(url.match(/^[a-z]+\:/i)){
return url; // data URI, mailto:, tel:, etc.
}
else if('string'!==typeof base){
var a=document.createElement('a');
a.href=url; // try to resolve url without base
if(!a.pathname){
return null; // url not valid
}
return 'http://'+url;
}
else{
base=resolve(base); // check base
if(base===null){
return null; // wrong base
}
}
var a=document.createElement('a');
a.href=base;
if(url[0]==='/'){
base=[]; // rooted path
}
else{
base=a.pathname.split('/'); // relative path
base.pop();
}
url=url.split('/');
for(var i=0; i<url.length; ++i){
if(url[i]==='.'){ // current directory
continue;
}
if(url[i]==='..'){ // parent directory
if('undefined'===typeof base.pop() || base.length===0){
return null; // wrong url accessing non-existing parent directories
}
}
else{ // child directory
base.push(url[i]);
}
}
return a.protocol+'//'+a.hostname+base.join('/');
}
如果出现问题,它将返回null
。
用法:
resolveURL('./some.css', 'http://example.com/stats/2012/');
// returns http://example.com/stats/2012/some.css
resolveURL('extra/some.css', 'http://example.com/stats/2012/');
// returns http://example.com/stats/2012/extra/some.css
resolveURL('../../lib/slider/slider.css', 'http://example.com/stats/2012/');
// returns http://example.com/lib/slider/slider.css
resolveURL('/rootFolder/some.css', 'https://example.com/stats/2012/');
// returns https://example.com/rootFolder/some.css
resolveURL('localhost');
// returns http://localhost
resolveURL('../non_existing_file', 'example.com')
// returns null
href 解决方案仅在加载文档后才有效(至少在 IE11 中)。 这对我有用:
link = link || document.createElement("a");
link.href = document.baseURI + "/../" + href;
return link.href;
请参阅https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/base
function canonicalize(url) {
var div = document.createElement('div');
div.innerHTML = "<a></a>";
div.firstChild.href = url; // Ensures that the href is properly escaped
div.innerHTML = div.innerHTML; // Run the current innerHTML back through the parser
return div.firstChild.href;
}
这也适用于 IE6,与其他一些解决方案不同(请参阅从相对地址获取绝对 URL。(IE6 问题) )
提议和接受的解决方案不支持服务器相对 URL,也不适用于绝对 URL。 例如,如果我的亲戚是 /sites/folder1,它将不起作用。
这是另一个支持完整、服务器相对或相对 URL 以及 ../ 的功能。 它并不完美,但涵盖了很多选择。 当您的基本 URL 不是当前页面 URL 时使用此选项,否则有更好的替代方法。
function relativeToAbsolute(base, relative) {
//make sure base ends with /
if (base[base.length - 1] != '/')
base += '/';
//base: https://server/relative/subfolder/
//url: https://server
let url = base.substr(0, base.indexOf('/', base.indexOf('//') + 2));
//baseServerRelative: /relative/subfolder/
let baseServerRelative = base.substr(base.indexOf('/', base.indexOf('//') + 2));
if (relative.indexOf('/') === 0)//relative is server relative
url += relative;
else if (relative.indexOf("://") > 0)//relative is a full url, ignore base.
url = relative;
else {
while (relative.indexOf('../') === 0) {
//remove ../ from relative
relative = relative.substring(3);
//remove one part from baseServerRelative. /relative/subfolder/ -> /relative/
if (baseServerRelative !== '/') {
let lastPartIndex = baseServerRelative.lastIndexOf('/', baseServerRelative.length - 2);
baseServerRelative = baseServerRelative.substring(0, lastPartIndex + 1);
}
}
url += baseServerRelative + relative;//relative is a relative to base.
}
return url;
}
希望这可以帮助。 在 JavaScript 中没有这个基本实用程序真的很令人沮丧。
我知道这是一个非常古老的问题,但您可以使用: (new URL(relativePath, location)).href
。
我不得不为已接受的解决方案添加一个修复程序,因为我们可以在 angularjs 导航中的 # 后添加斜线。
function getAbsoluteUrl(base, relative) {
// remove everything after #
var hashPosition = base.indexOf('#');
if (hashPosition > 0){
base = base.slice(0, hashPosition);
}
// the rest of the function is taken from http://stackoverflow.com/a/14780463
// http://stackoverflow.com/a/25833886 - this doesn't work in cordova
// http://stackoverflow.com/a/14781678 - this doesn't work in cordova
var stack = base.split("/"),
parts = relative.split("/");
stack.pop(); // remove current file name (or empty string)
// (omit if "base" is the current folder without trailing slash)
for (var i=0; i<parts.length; i++) {
if (parts[i] == ".")
continue;
if (parts[i] == "..")
stack.pop();
else
stack.push(parts[i]);
}
return stack.join("/");
}
通过使用历史 API (IE 10 或更高版本),我找到了一个非常简单的解决方案,同时仍然支持 IE 10(IE 不支持 URL-API)。 此解决方案无需任何字符串操作即可工作。
function resolveUrl(relativePath) {
var originalUrl = document.location.href;
history.replaceState(history.state, '', relativePath);
var resolvedUrl = document.location.href;
history.replaceState(history.state, '', originalUrl);
return resolvedUrl;
}
history.replaceState()
不会触发浏览器导航,但仍会修改document.location
并支持相对路径和绝对路径。
此解决方案的一个缺点是,如果您已经在使用 History-API 并设置了带有标题的自定义状态,则当前状态的标题将丢失。
这将起作用。 但仅当您打开带有文件名的页面时。 当您打开像这样的链接stackoverflow.com/page
时,它不会很好地工作。 它将与stackoverflow.com/page/index.php
function reltoabs(link){
let absLink = location.href.split("/");
let relLink = link;
let slashesNum = link.match(/[.]{2}\//g) ? link.match(/[.]{2}\//g).length : 0;
for(let i = 0; i < slashesNum + 1; i++){
relLink = relLink.replace("../", "");
absLink.pop();
}
absLink = absLink.join("/");
absLink += "/" + relLink;
return absLink;
}
尝试:
/** * Convert relative paths to absolute paths * @author HaNdTriX * @param {string} html - HTML string * @param {string} baseUrl - base url to prepend to relative paths * @param {string[]} [attributes] - attributes to convert * @returns {string} */ function absolutify( html, baseUrl, attributes = [ "href", "src", "srcset", "cite", "background", "action", "formaction", "icon", "manifest", "code", "codebase", ] ) { // Build the regex to match the attributes. const regExp = new RegExp( `(?<attribute>${attributes.join( "|" )})=(?<quote>['"])(?<path>.*?)\\k<quote>`, "gi" ); return html.replaceAll(regExp, (...args) => { // Get the matched groupes const { attribute, quote, path } = args[args.length - 1]; // srcset may have multiple paths `<url> <descriptor>, <url> <descriptor>` if (attribute.toLowerCase() === "srcset") { const srcSetParts = path.split(",").map((dirtyPart) => { const part = dirtyPart.trim(); const [path, size] = part.split(" "); return `${new URL(path.trim(), baseUrl).toString()} ${size || ""}`; }); return `${attribute}=${quote}${srcSetParts.join(", ")}${quote}`; } const absoluteURL = new URL(path, baseUrl).href; return `${attribute}=${quote}${absoluteURL}${quote}`; }); } console.log( absolutify("<img src='./fooo.png'>", "https://example.com") )
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