[英]Convert relative path to absolute using JavaScript
有一個 function,它給我的網址如下:
./some.css
./extra/some.css
../../lib/slider/slider.css
它始終是相對路徑。
假設我們知道頁面的當前路徑,例如http://site.com/stats/2012/
,不確定如何將這些相對路徑轉換為真實路徑?
我們應該得到類似的東西:
./some.css => http://site.com/stats/2012/some.css
./extra/some.css => http://site.com/stats/2012/extra/some.css
../../lib/slider/slider.css => http://site.com/lib/slider/slider.css
沒有 jQuery,只有香草 javascript。
最簡單、有效和正確的方法就是使用URL api。
new URL("http://www.stackoverflow.com?q=hello").href;
//=> http://www.stackoverflow.com/?q=hello"
new URL("mypath","http://www.stackoverflow.com").href;
//=> "http://www.stackoverflow.com/mypath"
new URL("../mypath","http://www.stackoverflow.com/search").href
//=> "http://www.stackoverflow.com/mypath"
new URL("../mypath", document.baseURI).href
//=> "https://stackoverflow.com/questions/mypath"
在性能方面,該解決方案看齊使用字符串操作和快兩倍,創建a
標簽。
Javascript 將為您完成。 無需創建函數。
var link = document.createElement("a");
link.href = "../../lib/slider/slider.css";
alert(link.protocol+"//"+link.host+link.pathname+link.search+link.hash);
// Output will be "http://www.yoursite.com/lib/slider/slider.css"
但是如果你需要它作為一個函數:
var absolutePath = function(href) {
var link = document.createElement("a");
link.href = href;
return (link.protocol+"//"+link.host+link.pathname+link.search+link.hash);
}
更新:如果您需要完整的絕對路徑,則使用更簡單的版本:
var absolutePath = function(href) {
var link = document.createElement("a");
link.href = href;
return link.href;
}
這應該這樣做:
function absolute(base, relative) {
var stack = base.split("/"),
parts = relative.split("/");
stack.pop(); // remove current file name (or empty string)
// (omit if "base" is the current folder without trailing slash)
for (var i=0; i<parts.length; i++) {
if (parts[i] == ".")
continue;
if (parts[i] == "..")
stack.pop();
else
stack.push(parts[i]);
}
return stack.join("/");
}
這來自MDN是牢不可破的!
/*\
|*|
|*| :: translate relative paths to absolute paths ::
|*|
|*| https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/document.cookie
|*|
|*| The following code is released under the GNU Public License, version 3 or later.
|*| http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0-standalone.html
|*|
\*/
function relPathToAbs (sRelPath) {
var nUpLn, sDir = "", sPath = location.pathname.replace(/[^\/]*$/, sRelPath.replace(/(\/|^)(?:\.?\/+)+/g, "$1"));
for (var nEnd, nStart = 0; nEnd = sPath.indexOf("/../", nStart), nEnd > -1; nStart = nEnd + nUpLn) {
nUpLn = /^\/(?:\.\.\/)*/.exec(sPath.slice(nEnd))[0].length;
sDir = (sDir + sPath.substring(nStart, nEnd)).replace(new RegExp("(?:\\\/+[^\\\/]*){0," + ((nUpLn - 1) / 3) + "}$"), "/");
}
return sDir + sPath.substr(nStart);
}
示例用法:
/* Let us be in /en-US/docs/Web/API/document.cookie */
alert(location.pathname);
// displays: /en-US/docs/Web/API/document.cookie
alert(relPathToAbs("./"));
// displays: /en-US/docs/Web/API/
alert(relPathToAbs("../Guide/API/DOM/Storage"));
// displays: /en-US/docs/Web/Guide/API/DOM/Storage
alert(relPathToAbs("../../Firefox"));
// displays: /en-US/docs/Firefox
alert(relPathToAbs("../Guide/././API/../../../Firefox"));
// displays: /en-US/docs/Firefox
如果您想對來自瀏覽器中自定義網頁的鏈接(而不是運行腳本的頁面)進行相對到絕對轉換,您可以使用@Bergi 建議的功能的更增強版本:
var resolveURL=function resolve(url, base){
if('string'!==typeof url || !url){
return null; // wrong or empty url
}
else if(url.match(/^[a-z]+\:\/\//i)){
return url; // url is absolute already
}
else if(url.match(/^\/\//)){
return 'http:'+url; // url is absolute already
}
else if(url.match(/^[a-z]+\:/i)){
return url; // data URI, mailto:, tel:, etc.
}
else if('string'!==typeof base){
var a=document.createElement('a');
a.href=url; // try to resolve url without base
if(!a.pathname){
return null; // url not valid
}
return 'http://'+url;
}
else{
base=resolve(base); // check base
if(base===null){
return null; // wrong base
}
}
var a=document.createElement('a');
a.href=base;
if(url[0]==='/'){
base=[]; // rooted path
}
else{
base=a.pathname.split('/'); // relative path
base.pop();
}
url=url.split('/');
for(var i=0; i<url.length; ++i){
if(url[i]==='.'){ // current directory
continue;
}
if(url[i]==='..'){ // parent directory
if('undefined'===typeof base.pop() || base.length===0){
return null; // wrong url accessing non-existing parent directories
}
}
else{ // child directory
base.push(url[i]);
}
}
return a.protocol+'//'+a.hostname+base.join('/');
}
如果出現問題,它將返回null
。
用法:
resolveURL('./some.css', 'http://example.com/stats/2012/');
// returns http://example.com/stats/2012/some.css
resolveURL('extra/some.css', 'http://example.com/stats/2012/');
// returns http://example.com/stats/2012/extra/some.css
resolveURL('../../lib/slider/slider.css', 'http://example.com/stats/2012/');
// returns http://example.com/lib/slider/slider.css
resolveURL('/rootFolder/some.css', 'https://example.com/stats/2012/');
// returns https://example.com/rootFolder/some.css
resolveURL('localhost');
// returns http://localhost
resolveURL('../non_existing_file', 'example.com')
// returns null
href 解決方案僅在加載文檔后才有效(至少在 IE11 中)。 這對我有用:
link = link || document.createElement("a");
link.href = document.baseURI + "/../" + href;
return link.href;
請參閱https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/base
function canonicalize(url) {
var div = document.createElement('div');
div.innerHTML = "<a></a>";
div.firstChild.href = url; // Ensures that the href is properly escaped
div.innerHTML = div.innerHTML; // Run the current innerHTML back through the parser
return div.firstChild.href;
}
這也適用於 IE6,與其他一些解決方案不同(請參閱從相對地址獲取絕對 URL。(IE6 問題) )
提議和接受的解決方案不支持服務器相對 URL,也不適用於絕對 URL。 例如,如果我的親戚是 /sites/folder1,它將不起作用。
這是另一個支持完整、服務器相對或相對 URL 以及 ../ 的功能。 它並不完美,但涵蓋了很多選擇。 當您的基本 URL 不是當前頁面 URL 時使用此選項,否則有更好的替代方法。
function relativeToAbsolute(base, relative) {
//make sure base ends with /
if (base[base.length - 1] != '/')
base += '/';
//base: https://server/relative/subfolder/
//url: https://server
let url = base.substr(0, base.indexOf('/', base.indexOf('//') + 2));
//baseServerRelative: /relative/subfolder/
let baseServerRelative = base.substr(base.indexOf('/', base.indexOf('//') + 2));
if (relative.indexOf('/') === 0)//relative is server relative
url += relative;
else if (relative.indexOf("://") > 0)//relative is a full url, ignore base.
url = relative;
else {
while (relative.indexOf('../') === 0) {
//remove ../ from relative
relative = relative.substring(3);
//remove one part from baseServerRelative. /relative/subfolder/ -> /relative/
if (baseServerRelative !== '/') {
let lastPartIndex = baseServerRelative.lastIndexOf('/', baseServerRelative.length - 2);
baseServerRelative = baseServerRelative.substring(0, lastPartIndex + 1);
}
}
url += baseServerRelative + relative;//relative is a relative to base.
}
return url;
}
希望這可以幫助。 在 JavaScript 中沒有這個基本實用程序真的很令人沮喪。
我知道這是一個非常古老的問題,但您可以使用: (new URL(relativePath, location)).href
。
我不得不為已接受的解決方案添加一個修復程序,因為我們可以在 angularjs 導航中的 # 后添加斜線。
function getAbsoluteUrl(base, relative) {
// remove everything after #
var hashPosition = base.indexOf('#');
if (hashPosition > 0){
base = base.slice(0, hashPosition);
}
// the rest of the function is taken from http://stackoverflow.com/a/14780463
// http://stackoverflow.com/a/25833886 - this doesn't work in cordova
// http://stackoverflow.com/a/14781678 - this doesn't work in cordova
var stack = base.split("/"),
parts = relative.split("/");
stack.pop(); // remove current file name (or empty string)
// (omit if "base" is the current folder without trailing slash)
for (var i=0; i<parts.length; i++) {
if (parts[i] == ".")
continue;
if (parts[i] == "..")
stack.pop();
else
stack.push(parts[i]);
}
return stack.join("/");
}
通過使用歷史 API (IE 10 或更高版本),我找到了一個非常簡單的解決方案,同時仍然支持 IE 10(IE 不支持 URL-API)。 此解決方案無需任何字符串操作即可工作。
function resolveUrl(relativePath) {
var originalUrl = document.location.href;
history.replaceState(history.state, '', relativePath);
var resolvedUrl = document.location.href;
history.replaceState(history.state, '', originalUrl);
return resolvedUrl;
}
history.replaceState()
不會觸發瀏覽器導航,但仍會修改document.location
並支持相對路徑和絕對路徑。
此解決方案的一個缺點是,如果您已經在使用 History-API 並設置了帶有標題的自定義狀態,則當前狀態的標題將丟失。
這將起作用。 但僅當您打開帶有文件名的頁面時。 當您打開像這樣的鏈接stackoverflow.com/page
時,它不會很好地工作。 它將與stackoverflow.com/page/index.php
function reltoabs(link){
let absLink = location.href.split("/");
let relLink = link;
let slashesNum = link.match(/[.]{2}\//g) ? link.match(/[.]{2}\//g).length : 0;
for(let i = 0; i < slashesNum + 1; i++){
relLink = relLink.replace("../", "");
absLink.pop();
}
absLink = absLink.join("/");
absLink += "/" + relLink;
return absLink;
}
嘗試:
/** * Convert relative paths to absolute paths * @author HaNdTriX * @param {string} html - HTML string * @param {string} baseUrl - base url to prepend to relative paths * @param {string[]} [attributes] - attributes to convert * @returns {string} */ function absolutify( html, baseUrl, attributes = [ "href", "src", "srcset", "cite", "background", "action", "formaction", "icon", "manifest", "code", "codebase", ] ) { // Build the regex to match the attributes. const regExp = new RegExp( `(?<attribute>${attributes.join( "|" )})=(?<quote>['"])(?<path>.*?)\\k<quote>`, "gi" ); return html.replaceAll(regExp, (...args) => { // Get the matched groupes const { attribute, quote, path } = args[args.length - 1]; // srcset may have multiple paths `<url> <descriptor>, <url> <descriptor>` if (attribute.toLowerCase() === "srcset") { const srcSetParts = path.split(",").map((dirtyPart) => { const part = dirtyPart.trim(); const [path, size] = part.split(" "); return `${new URL(path.trim(), baseUrl).toString()} ${size || ""}`; }); return `${attribute}=${quote}${srcSetParts.join(", ")}${quote}`; } const absoluteURL = new URL(path, baseUrl).href; return `${attribute}=${quote}${absoluteURL}${quote}`; }); } console.log( absolutify("<img src='./fooo.png'>", "https://example.com") )
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