[英]Django Rest Framework: Different Validations for HTTP POST and PUT
[英]Django REST Framework different depth for POST/PUT?
我正在使用 Django REST Framework 为我的 Web 应用程序创建 API。 我有一个“评论”类,在Meta
类中设置了depth=2
。 这在GET
ing the Comments
时效果很好。 当我尝试发送POST
或PUT
请求时(即创建一个新的Comment
),我被告知我需要包含对象而不是外键 ID。
这是我的 Serializer 类:
class CommentSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = Comment
depth = 2
该模型:
class Comment(models.Model):
user = models.ForeignKey(User, null=True, blank=True,
related_name='comments')
budget = models.ForeignKey(Budget, related_name='comments')
published = models.BooleanField(default=False)
body = models.TextField()
created = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)
视图代码:
class Comments(generics.ListCreateAPIView):
model = Comment
serializer_class = CommentSerializer
def pre_save(self, obj):
obj.user = self.request.user
输出(JSON)中显示的错误是:
{"user": ["This field is required."], "budget": [{"non_field_errors": ["Invalid data"]}]}
发送此原始数据时:
{"budget": 2, "published": true, "body": "Another comment"}
我知道这有点晚了但我最终使用了2个序列化器,如下所示:
class CommentReadSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = Comment
depth = 2
class CommentWriteSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = Comment
然后像这样使用:
class Comments(generics.ListCreateAPIView):
model = Comment
serializer_class = CommentReadSerializer
def create(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
serializer = CommentWriteSerializer(data=request.DATA, files=request.FILES)
if serializer.is_valid():
self.pre_save(serializer.object)
self.object = serializer.save(force_insert=True)
self.post_save(self.object, created=True)
headers = self.get_success_headers(serializer.data)
serializer = CommentReadSerializer(serializer.object)
return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED, headers=headers)
return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
我认为定义引用外键关系的序列化器字段的正确方法是通过类似serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField
。 我不相信模型序列化程序会自动使用此字段类而不在序列化程序类中显式定义它。
http://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/relations/#primarykeyrelatedfield
我想, PrimaryKeyRelatedField
序列化程序将正确处理JSON数据提交,就像您在示例中使用的那样。
您可以通过覆盖get_serializer_class()
函数来设置不同的序列化程序,如下所示:
def get_serializer_class(self): method = self.request.method if method == 'PUT' or method == 'POST': return YourWriteSerializer else: return YourReadSerializer
我想添加这个,因为我一段时间后从谷歌来到这里。
我遇到了同样的问题,所以我解决了制作自定义泛型方法。这是上述答案的更好实现
class CustomListCreateAPIView(mixins.ListModelMixin,
mixins.CreateModelMixin,
generics.GenericAPIView):
"""
Concrete view for listing a queryset or creating a model instance.
"""
def get_serializer_class(self):
method = self.request.method
if method == 'PUT' or method == 'POST':
return self.writeSerializers
else:
return self.readSerializers
def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
return self.list(request, *args, **kwargs)
def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
return self.create(request, *args, **kwargs)
同样的路德,
class CustomRetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView(mixins.RetrieveModelMixin,
mixins.UpdateModelMixin,
mixins.DestroyModelMixin,
generics.GenericAPIView):
"""
Concrete view for retrieving, updating or deleting a model instance.
"""
def get_serializer_class(self):
method = self.request.method
if method == 'PUT' or method == 'POST':
return self.writeSerializers
else:
return self.readSerializers
def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
return self.retrieve(request, *args, **kwargs)
def put(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
return self.update(request, *args, **kwargs)
def patch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
return self.partial_update(request, *args, **kwargs)
def delete(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
return self.destroy(request, *args, **kwargs)enter code here
现在我只在 Views.py 中给出writeSerializers和readSerializers值
也有一个简单的方法来创建读写序列化程序。
class employeeWriteSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = employee
fields = ('username','email',..)
class employeeReadSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta(employeeWriteSerializer.Meta):
depth = 1
它可以节省时间和重复性工作,您还可以在自定义通用 Api(Retitve 工作)中添加身份验证类。 谢谢。
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