[英]Splitting a file with a very long comma separated string of numbers into multiple files
[英]Splitting a comma separated string into multiple words so that I can loop through each word
我想在Bash中拆分一个字符串供for循环使用。 例如,我有这个字符串
hello,my,name,is,mindia
我想将其拆分为单个单词,以便我可以遍历每个单词。 有人可以帮我吗?
非常简单的方法是使用分词来排列:
s="hello,my,name,is,mindia"
您将输入字段分隔符设置为,:
IFS=,
然后将字符串拆分为数组:
a=( $s )
结果:
for word in "${a[@]}"; do echo "- [$word]"; done
使用纯bash且不split
(或者可能是cut
):
string="hello,my,name,is,mindia"
IFS=, read -r -a array <<< "$string"
# at this point your fields are in the array array
# you can loop through the fields like so:
for field in "${array[@]}"; do
# do stuff with field field
done
# you can print the fields one per line like so
printf "%s\n" "${array[@]}"
警告 。 如果您尝试解析csv文件,则该文件迟早会中断,例如,
field 1,"field 2 is a string, with a coma in it",field 3
好点 。 但是,与其他答案相比,有一个好处:如果您的字段中有空格,则此方法仍然有效:
$ string="hello,this field has spaces in it,cool,it,works"
$ IFS=, read -r -a array <<< "$string"
$ printf "%s\n" "${array[@]}"
hello
this field has spaces in it
cool
it
works
另一个好处是, IFS
不是全局设置的。 它仅针对read
命令设置:以后忘记了全局设置IFS
时,不会有任何意外!
您可以使用模式替换:
s="hello,my,name,is,mindia"
for i in ${s//,/ }
do
echo $i
done
这是可以处理空格的版本:
while IFS= read -r -d ',' i; do
printf "%s\n" "$i"
done <<<"${s:+$s,}"
root$ s="hello,my,name,is,mindia"
root$ for i in $(echo "$s" | tr "," "\n"); do echo $i;done
hello
my
name
is
mindia
修复了空格问题:
s="a,b,c ,d,f";
a="";
while [[ $s != $a ]] ; do
a="$(echo $s | cut -f1 -d",")";
echo $a;
s="$(echo $s | cut -f2- -d",")";
done
和输出:
a
b
c
d
f
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