[英]SQL Pivot - Multi-row multi-column
我有数据需要转移到网格视图。 它的两行连接成一行，然后转入列。
以下是数据设置。 我只包括1月到4月，但这将持续所有月份，年份可以改变，但它将永远是连续2年。
Sample Data
CREATE TABLE #tmpData (
[YEAR] INT,
[AMOUNT] DECIMAL(12,2),
[PAX] INT,
[PRODUCTID] INT,
[MONTH] INT,
[MONTHNAME] VARCHAR(10)
)
INSERT INTO #tmpData SELECT 2012 ,3309 ,10 ,1 ,1 ,'January'
INSERT INTO #tmpData SELECT 2013 ,3257.25 ,11 ,1 ,1 ,'January'
INSERT INTO #tmpData SELECT 2012 ,4351.2 ,21 ,1 ,2 ,'February'
INSERT INTO #tmpData SELECT 2013 ,3719.25 ,31 ,1 ,2 ,'February'
INSERT INTO #tmpData SELECT 2012 ,4687 ,11 ,1 ,3 ,'March'
INSERT INTO #tmpData SELECT 2013 ,4120.74 ,11 ,1 ,3 ,'March'
INSERT INTO #tmpData SELECT 2012 ,6123.1 ,21 ,1 ,4 ,'April'
INSERT INTO #tmpData SELECT 2013 ,5417.25 ,21 ,1 ,4 ,'April'
INSERT INTO #tmpData SELECT 2012 ,5416.5 ,10 ,3 ,1 ,'January'
INSERT INTO #tmpData SELECT 2013 ,6104.6 ,20 ,3 ,1 ,'January'
INSERT INTO #tmpData SELECT 2012 ,9748.16 ,30 ,3 ,2 ,'February'
INSERT INTO #tmpData SELECT 2013 ,10797.43 ,30 ,3 ,2 ,'February'
INSERT INTO #tmpData SELECT 2012 ,12706.32 ,30 ,3 ,3 ,'March'
INSERT INTO #tmpData SELECT 2013 ,13194.3 ,4 ,3 ,3 ,'March'
INSERT INTO #tmpData SELECT 2012 ,16429.03 ,33 ,3 ,4 ,'April'
INSERT INTO #tmpData SELECT 2013 ,14339.92 ,37 ,3 ,4 ,'April'
SELECT * FROM #tmpData
DROP TABLE #tmpData
期望的结果
CREATE TABLE #tmpResults (
[PRODUCTID] INT,
[2013_JAN_AMOUNT] DECIMAL(12,2),
[2013_JAN_AMOUNT_%] INT,
[2013_JAN_PAX] INT,
[2013_JAN_PAX_%] INT,
[2013_FEB_AMOUNT] DECIMAL(12,2),
[2013_FEB_AMOUNT_%] INT,
[2013_FEB_PAX] INT,
[2013_FEB_PAX_%] INT,
[2013_MAR_AMOUNT] DECIMAL(12,2),
[2013_MAR_AMOUNT_%] INT,
[2013_MAR_PAX] INT,
[2013_MAR_PAX_%] INT,
[2013_APR_AMOUNT] DECIMAL(12,2),
[2013_APR_AMOUNT_%] INT,
[2013_APR_PAX] INT,
[2013_APR_PAX_%] INT
)
INSERT INTO #tmpResults
SELECT 1, -- PRODUCTID
--AMOUNT CALC= (JAN2013-JAN2012)/JAN2012 2013PAX CALC= (JAN2013-JAN2012)/JAN2012
3257.25, ROUND((SELECT ((3257.25-3309)/3309)*100),0), 11, CONVERT(INT,ROUND(CONVERT(DECIMAL,11-10)/10*100,0))--JAN2013
,3719.25, ROUND((SELECT ((3719.25-4351.2)/4351.2)*100),0), 31, CONVERT(INT,ROUND(CONVERT(DECIMAL,31-21)/21*100,0)) --FEB2013
,4120.74, ROUND((SELECT ((4120.74-4687)/4687)*100),0), 11, CONVERT(INT,ROUND(CONVERT(DECIMAL,11-10)/10*100,0)) --MAR2013
,5417.25, ROUND((SELECT ((5417.25-6123.1)/6123.1)*100),0), 21, CONVERT(INT,ROUND(CONVERT(DECIMAL,11-10)/10*100,0)) --APR2013
INSERT INTO #tmpResults
SELECT 3, -- PRODUCTID
--AMOUNT CALC= (JAN2013-JAN2012)/JAN2012 2013PAX CALC= (JAN2013-JAN2012)/JAN2012
6104.6, ROUND((SELECT ((6104.6-5416.5)/5416.5)*100),0), 20, ROUND((SELECT ((20-10)/10)*100),2) --JAN2013
,10797.43, ROUND((SELECT ((10797.43-9748.16)/9748.16)*100),0), 30, ROUND((SELECT ((30-30)/30)*100),2) --FEB2013
,13194.3, ROUND((SELECT ((13194.3-12706.32)/12706.32)*100),0), 4, ROUND((SELECT ((4-30)/30)*100),2) --MAR2013
,14339.92, ROUND((SELECT ((14339.92-16429.03)/16429.03)*100),0), 37, ROUND((SELECT ((37-33)/33)*100),2) --APR2013
SELECT * FROM #tmpResults
DROP TABLE #tmpResults
这是数据@ SQLFiddle - http://sqlfiddle.com/#!6/e8ed1/7/1
有什么建议么？
为了获得结果，您必须查看表格中的数据的旋转和取消，并且由于您希望在任何两年内执行此操作，因此您必须考虑应用动态SQL。
首先，让我们从初始查询开始，以获取2年的数据。 您需要两次加入您的桌子以获取当前年和上一年的数据。 查询将是：
select t.amount,
round((t.amount-c.amount)/c.amount*100, 0) AmtPercent,
t.pax,
round((t.pax-c.pax)/(c.pax*1.0)*100, 0) PaxPercent,
t.productid,
t.monthname,
t.year
from tmpData t
inner join tmpData c
on t.monthname = c.monthname
and t.productid = c.productid
and c.year = 2012
where t.year = 2013;
请参阅SQL Fiddle with Demo 。 一旦你计算了数据，那么我建议对amount ， amtpercent ， pax和paxpercent列进行解包。 这将为每个productid和month将多列变为多行。 您最初的SQL Fiddle使用的是SQL Server 2012，因此我假设您使用的是大于2005的版本。如果是这样，那么您可以使用带有VALUES子句的CROSS APPLY来取消数据：
select d.productid,
cast(year as varchar(4)) + '_' + monthname + '_' + col as col,
value
from
(
select t.amount,
round((t.amount-c.amount)/c.amount*100, 0) AmtPercent,
t.pax,
round((t.pax-c.pax)/(c.pax*1.0)*100, 0) PaxPercent,
t.productid,
t.monthname,
t.year
from tmpData t
inner join tmpData c
on t.monthname = c.monthname
and t.productid = c.productid
and c.year = 2012
where t.year = 2013
) d
cross apply
(
values
('Amount', amount),
('AmountPercent', amtPercent),
('Pax', Pax),
('PaxPercent', paxPercent)
) c (col, value);
请参阅SQL Fiddle with Demo 。 这给你一个结果：
| PRODUCTID | COL | VALUE |
------------------------------------------------------
| 1 | 2013_January_Amount | 3257.25 |
| 1 | 2013_January_AmountPercent | -2 |
| 1 | 2013_January_Pax | 11 |
| 1 | 2013_January_PaxPercent | 10 |
| 1 | 2013_February_Amount | 3719.25 |
| 1 | 2013_February_AmountPercent | -15 |
| 1 | 2013_February_Pax | 31 |
| 1 | 2013_February_PaxPercent | 48 |
| 1 | 2013_March_Amount | 4120.74 |
既然您的数据是多行，您可以将PIVOT函数应用于col的值。 这些值是通过将原始列名与年份和月份连接来计算的。 应用PIVOT函数时，查询将是：
select productid,
[2013_January_Amount], [2013_January_AmountPercent],
[2013_January_Pax], [2013_January_PaxPercent],
[2013_February_Amount], [2013_February_AmountPercent],
[2013_February_Pax], [2013_February_PaxPercent],
[2013_March_Amount], [2013_March_AmountPercent],
[2013_March_Pax], [2013_March_PaxPercent],
[2013_April_Amount], [2013_April_AmountPercent],
[2013_April_Pax], [2013_April_PaxPercent]
from
(
select d.productid,
cast(year as varchar(4)) + '_' + monthname + '_' + col as col,
value
from
(
select t.amount,
round((t.amount-c.amount)/c.amount*100, 0) AmtPercent,
t.pax,
round((t.pax-c.pax)/(c.pax*1.0)*100, 0) PaxPercent,
t.productid,
t.monthname,
t.year
from tmpData t
inner join tmpData c
on t.monthname = c.monthname
and t.productid = c.productid
and c.year = 2012
where t.year = 2013
) d
cross apply
(
values
('Amount', amount),
('AmountPercent', amtPercent),
('Pax', Pax),
('PaxPercent', paxPercent)
) c (col, value)
) src
pivot
(
max(value)
for col in ([2013_January_Amount], [2013_January_AmountPercent],
[2013_January_Pax], [2013_January_PaxPercent],
[2013_February_Amount], [2013_February_AmountPercent],
[2013_February_Pax], [2013_February_PaxPercent],
[2013_March_Amount], [2013_March_AmountPercent],
[2013_March_Pax], [2013_March_PaxPercent],
[2013_April_Amount], [2013_April_AmountPercent],
[2013_April_Pax], [2013_April_PaxPercent])
) piv;
请参阅SQL Fiddle with Demo 。 正如您所看到的，如果您要报告所有12个月，那么您需要对列进行大量硬编码。 此外，如果您想更改年份，则必须调整查询。 如果您希望根据传入的参数进行调整，则需要使用动态SQL：
DECLARE @cols AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
@query AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
@currentYear int = 2013,
@previousYear int = 2012
select @cols = STUFF((SELECT ',' + QUOTENAME(cast(year as varchar(4)) + '_' + monthname + '_' + col)
from
(
select year, monthname,
DATEPART(MM,monthname+' 01 2013') mth
from tmpData
where year = @currentYear
) d
cross apply
(
select 'Amount', 1 union all
select 'AmountPercent', 2 union all
select 'Pax', 3 union all
select 'PaxPercent', 4
) c (col, so)
group by year, monthname, col, so, mth
order by year, mth, so
FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,1,'')
set @query = 'SELECT productid,' + @cols + '
from
(
select d.productid,
cast(year as varchar(4)) + ''_'' + monthname + ''_'' + col as col,
value
from
(
select t.amount,
round((t.amount-c.amount)/c.amount*100, 0) AmtPercent,
t.pax,
round((t.pax-c.pax)/(c.pax*1.0)*100, 0) PaxPercent,
t.productid,
t.monthname,
t.year
from tmpData t
inner join tmpData c
on t.monthname = c.monthname
and t.productid = c.productid
and c.year = '+cast(@previousYear as varchar(4))+'
where t.year = '+cast(@currentYear as varchar(4))+'
) d
cross apply
(
values
(''Amount'', amount),
(''AmountPercent'', amtPercent),
(''Pax'', Pax),
(''PaxPercent'', paxPercent)
) c (col, value)
) x
pivot
(
max(value)
for col in (' + @cols + ')
) p '
execute(@query);
请参阅SQL Fiddle with Demo 。 这些查询给出了结果：
| PRODUCTID | 2013_JANUARY_AMOUNT | 2013_JANUARY_AMOUNTPERCENT | 2013_JANUARY_PAX | 2013_JANUARY_PAXPERCENT | 2013_FEBRUARY_AMOUNT | 2013_FEBRUARY_AMOUNTPERCENT | 2013_FEBRUARY_PAX | 2013_FEBRUARY_PAXPERCENT | 2013_MARCH_AMOUNT | 2013_MARCH_AMOUNTPERCENT | 2013_MARCH_PAX | 2013_MARCH_PAXPERCENT | 2013_APRIL_AMOUNT | 2013_APRIL_AMOUNTPERCENT | 2013_APRIL_PAX | 2013_APRIL_PAXPERCENT |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 1 | 3257.25 | -2 | 11 | 10 | 3719.25 | -15 | 31 | 48 | 4120.74 | -12 | 11 | 0 | 5417.25 | -12 | 21 | 0 |
| 3 | 6104.6 | 13 | 20 | 100 | 10797.43 | 11 | 30 | 0 | 13194.3 | 4 | 4 | -87 | 14339.92 | -13 | 37 | 12 |
在Oracle 11g查询中使用多列，多行表文字是否有一种非丑陋的方式？
[英]Is there a non-ugly way to use a multi-column, multi-row table literal in an Oracle 11g query?
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