SQL Pivot - Multi-row multi-column
Question
I have data that i need to pivot to a grid view. Its 2 rows to join into one row and then pivot into columns.
Below is the data setup. I've only included Jan to Apr but this will be running for all months and the year can change but it will always be 2 consecutive years.
Sample Data
CREATE TABLE #tmpData (
[YEAR] INT,
[AMOUNT] DECIMAL(12,2),
[PAX] INT,
[PRODUCTID] INT,
[MONTH] INT,
[MONTHNAME] VARCHAR(10)
)
INSERT INTO #tmpData SELECT 2012 ,3309 ,10 ,1 ,1 ,'January'
INSERT INTO #tmpData SELECT 2013 ,3257.25 ,11 ,1 ,1 ,'January'
INSERT INTO #tmpData SELECT 2012 ,4351.2 ,21 ,1 ,2 ,'February'
INSERT INTO #tmpData SELECT 2013 ,3719.25 ,31 ,1 ,2 ,'February'
INSERT INTO #tmpData SELECT 2012 ,4687 ,11 ,1 ,3 ,'March'
INSERT INTO #tmpData SELECT 2013 ,4120.74 ,11 ,1 ,3 ,'March'
INSERT INTO #tmpData SELECT 2012 ,6123.1 ,21 ,1 ,4 ,'April'
INSERT INTO #tmpData SELECT 2013 ,5417.25 ,21 ,1 ,4 ,'April'
INSERT INTO #tmpData SELECT 2012 ,5416.5 ,10 ,3 ,1 ,'January'
INSERT INTO #tmpData SELECT 2013 ,6104.6 ,20 ,3 ,1 ,'January'
INSERT INTO #tmpData SELECT 2012 ,9748.16 ,30 ,3 ,2 ,'February'
INSERT INTO #tmpData SELECT 2013 ,10797.43 ,30 ,3 ,2 ,'February'
INSERT INTO #tmpData SELECT 2012 ,12706.32 ,30 ,3 ,3 ,'March'
INSERT INTO #tmpData SELECT 2013 ,13194.3 ,4 ,3 ,3 ,'March'
INSERT INTO #tmpData SELECT 2012 ,16429.03 ,33 ,3 ,4 ,'April'
INSERT INTO #tmpData SELECT 2013 ,14339.92 ,37 ,3 ,4 ,'April'
SELECT * FROM #tmpData
DROP TABLE #tmpData
Desired Results
CREATE TABLE #tmpResults (
[PRODUCTID] INT,
[2013_JAN_AMOUNT] DECIMAL(12,2),
[2013_JAN_AMOUNT_%] INT,
[2013_JAN_PAX] INT,
[2013_JAN_PAX_%] INT,
[2013_FEB_AMOUNT] DECIMAL(12,2),
[2013_FEB_AMOUNT_%] INT,
[2013_FEB_PAX] INT,
[2013_FEB_PAX_%] INT,
[2013_MAR_AMOUNT] DECIMAL(12,2),
[2013_MAR_AMOUNT_%] INT,
[2013_MAR_PAX] INT,
[2013_MAR_PAX_%] INT,
[2013_APR_AMOUNT] DECIMAL(12,2),
[2013_APR_AMOUNT_%] INT,
[2013_APR_PAX] INT,
[2013_APR_PAX_%] INT
)
INSERT INTO #tmpResults
SELECT 1, -- PRODUCTID
--AMOUNT CALC= (JAN2013-JAN2012)/JAN2012 2013PAX CALC= (JAN2013-JAN2012)/JAN2012
3257.25, ROUND((SELECT ((3257.25-3309)/3309)*100),0), 11, CONVERT(INT,ROUND(CONVERT(DECIMAL,11-10)/10*100,0))--JAN2013
,3719.25, ROUND((SELECT ((3719.25-4351.2)/4351.2)*100),0), 31, CONVERT(INT,ROUND(CONVERT(DECIMAL,31-21)/21*100,0)) --FEB2013
,4120.74, ROUND((SELECT ((4120.74-4687)/4687)*100),0), 11, CONVERT(INT,ROUND(CONVERT(DECIMAL,11-10)/10*100,0)) --MAR2013
,5417.25, ROUND((SELECT ((5417.25-6123.1)/6123.1)*100),0), 21, CONVERT(INT,ROUND(CONVERT(DECIMAL,11-10)/10*100,0)) --APR2013
INSERT INTO #tmpResults
SELECT 3, -- PRODUCTID
--AMOUNT CALC= (JAN2013-JAN2012)/JAN2012 2013PAX CALC= (JAN2013-JAN2012)/JAN2012
6104.6, ROUND((SELECT ((6104.6-5416.5)/5416.5)*100),0), 20, ROUND((SELECT ((20-10)/10)*100),2) --JAN2013
,10797.43, ROUND((SELECT ((10797.43-9748.16)/9748.16)*100),0), 30, ROUND((SELECT ((30-30)/30)*100),2) --FEB2013
,13194.3, ROUND((SELECT ((13194.3-12706.32)/12706.32)*100),0), 4, ROUND((SELECT ((4-30)/30)*100),2) --MAR2013
,14339.92, ROUND((SELECT ((14339.92-16429.03)/16429.03)*100),0), 37, ROUND((SELECT ((37-33)/33)*100),2) --APR2013
SELECT * FROM #tmpResults
DROP TABLE #tmpResults
Here is the data @ SQLFiddle - http://sqlfiddle.com/#!6/e8ed1/7/1
Any suggestions?
1 answers
solution1
2 ACCPTED 2013-07-02 14:50:19
In order to get the result you will have to look at pivoting and unpivoting the data in your table and since you want to do this for any two years, you will have to look at applying dynamic SQL.
First, let's start with the initial query to get the data for the 2 years. You need to join on your table twice to get the data for the current year and the previous year. The query will be:
select t.amount,
round((t.amount-c.amount)/c.amount*100, 0) AmtPercent,
t.pax,
round((t.pax-c.pax)/(c.pax*1.0)*100, 0) PaxPercent,
t.productid,
t.monthname,
t.year
from tmpData t
inner join tmpData c
on t.monthname = c.monthname
and t.productid = c.productid
and c.year = 2012
where t.year = 2013;
See SQL Fiddle with Demo . Once you have the data calculated, then I would suggest unpivoting the amount , amtpercent , pax and paxpercent columns. This will turn the multiple columns into multiple rows for each productid and month . Your initial SQL Fiddle was using SQL Server 2012 so I am assuming you are using a version greater than 2005. If so, then you can use CROSS APPLY with a VALUES clause to unpivot the data:
select d.productid,
cast(year as varchar(4)) + '_' + monthname + '_' + col as col,
value
from
(
select t.amount,
round((t.amount-c.amount)/c.amount*100, 0) AmtPercent,
t.pax,
round((t.pax-c.pax)/(c.pax*1.0)*100, 0) PaxPercent,
t.productid,
t.monthname,
t.year
from tmpData t
inner join tmpData c
on t.monthname = c.monthname
and t.productid = c.productid
and c.year = 2012
where t.year = 2013
) d
cross apply
(
values
('Amount', amount),
('AmountPercent', amtPercent),
('Pax', Pax),
('PaxPercent', paxPercent)
) c (col, value);
See SQL Fiddle with Demo . This gives you a result:
| PRODUCTID | COL | VALUE |
------------------------------------------------------
| 1 | 2013_January_Amount | 3257.25 |
| 1 | 2013_January_AmountPercent | -2 |
| 1 | 2013_January_Pax | 11 |
| 1 | 2013_January_PaxPercent | 10 |
| 1 | 2013_February_Amount | 3719.25 |
| 1 | 2013_February_AmountPercent | -15 |
| 1 | 2013_February_Pax | 31 |
| 1 | 2013_February_PaxPercent | 48 |
| 1 | 2013_March_Amount | 4120.74 |
Now that your data is is multiple rows, you can apply the PIVOT function to the values in col . These values were computed by concatenating the original column names with the year and month. When you apply the PIVOT function, the query will be:
select productid,
[2013_January_Amount], [2013_January_AmountPercent],
[2013_January_Pax], [2013_January_PaxPercent],
[2013_February_Amount], [2013_February_AmountPercent],
[2013_February_Pax], [2013_February_PaxPercent],
[2013_March_Amount], [2013_March_AmountPercent],
[2013_March_Pax], [2013_March_PaxPercent],
[2013_April_Amount], [2013_April_AmountPercent],
[2013_April_Pax], [2013_April_PaxPercent]
from
(
select d.productid,
cast(year as varchar(4)) + '_' + monthname + '_' + col as col,
value
from
(
select t.amount,
round((t.amount-c.amount)/c.amount*100, 0) AmtPercent,
t.pax,
round((t.pax-c.pax)/(c.pax*1.0)*100, 0) PaxPercent,
t.productid,
t.monthname,
t.year
from tmpData t
inner join tmpData c
on t.monthname = c.monthname
and t.productid = c.productid
and c.year = 2012
where t.year = 2013
) d
cross apply
(
values
('Amount', amount),
('AmountPercent', amtPercent),
('Pax', Pax),
('PaxPercent', paxPercent)
) c (col, value)
) src
pivot
(
max(value)
for col in ([2013_January_Amount], [2013_January_AmountPercent],
[2013_January_Pax], [2013_January_PaxPercent],
[2013_February_Amount], [2013_February_AmountPercent],
[2013_February_Pax], [2013_February_PaxPercent],
[2013_March_Amount], [2013_March_AmountPercent],
[2013_March_Pax], [2013_March_PaxPercent],
[2013_April_Amount], [2013_April_AmountPercent],
[2013_April_Pax], [2013_April_PaxPercent])
) piv;
See SQL Fiddle with Demo . As you can see if you are reporting on all 12 months, then you have a lot of hard-coding of columns. Also if you want to change the years you will have to adjust the query. If you want this to adjust based on a parameter that you pass in, then you will need to use dynamic SQL:
DECLARE @cols AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
@query AS NVARCHAR(MAX),
@currentYear int = 2013,
@previousYear int = 2012
select @cols = STUFF((SELECT ',' + QUOTENAME(cast(year as varchar(4)) + '_' + monthname + '_' + col)
from
(
select year, monthname,
DATEPART(MM,monthname+' 01 2013') mth
from tmpData
where year = @currentYear
) d
cross apply
(
select 'Amount', 1 union all
select 'AmountPercent', 2 union all
select 'Pax', 3 union all
select 'PaxPercent', 4
) c (col, so)
group by year, monthname, col, so, mth
order by year, mth, so
FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE
).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)')
,1,1,'')
set @query = 'SELECT productid,' + @cols + '
from
(
select d.productid,
cast(year as varchar(4)) + ''_'' + monthname + ''_'' + col as col,
value
from
(
select t.amount,
round((t.amount-c.amount)/c.amount*100, 0) AmtPercent,
t.pax,
round((t.pax-c.pax)/(c.pax*1.0)*100, 0) PaxPercent,
t.productid,
t.monthname,
t.year
from tmpData t
inner join tmpData c
on t.monthname = c.monthname
and t.productid = c.productid
and c.year = '+cast(@previousYear as varchar(4))+'
where t.year = '+cast(@currentYear as varchar(4))+'
) d
cross apply
(
values
(''Amount'', amount),
(''AmountPercent'', amtPercent),
(''Pax'', Pax),
(''PaxPercent'', paxPercent)
) c (col, value)
) x
pivot
(
max(value)
for col in (' + @cols + ')
) p '
execute(@query);
See SQL Fiddle with Demo . These queries give a result:
| PRODUCTID | 2013_JANUARY_AMOUNT | 2013_JANUARY_AMOUNTPERCENT | 2013_JANUARY_PAX | 2013_JANUARY_PAXPERCENT | 2013_FEBRUARY_AMOUNT | 2013_FEBRUARY_AMOUNTPERCENT | 2013_FEBRUARY_PAX | 2013_FEBRUARY_PAXPERCENT | 2013_MARCH_AMOUNT | 2013_MARCH_AMOUNTPERCENT | 2013_MARCH_PAX | 2013_MARCH_PAXPERCENT | 2013_APRIL_AMOUNT | 2013_APRIL_AMOUNTPERCENT | 2013_APRIL_PAX | 2013_APRIL_PAXPERCENT |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 1 | 3257.25 | -2 | 11 | 10 | 3719.25 | -15 | 31 | 48 | 4120.74 | -12 | 11 | 0 | 5417.25 | -12 | 21 | 0 |
| 3 | 6104.6 | 13 | 20 | 100 | 10797.43 | 11 | 30 | 0 | 13194.3 | 4 | 4 | -87 | 14339.92 | -13 | 37 | 12 |
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