在字典中搜索字符串并返回其他值

Question

尝试搜索我创建的名为location_hw_map的字典时，我希望它能够搜索字符串'testString'中的一个单词，当找到该单词时，它将返回位置。

例如; 使用testString它应该打印出'lounge'的值

我的代码对其进行搜索并找到“ 123456789”，但我似乎无法将其打印为“休息室”！

我敢肯定这是一个简单的解决方案，但是我似乎找不到答案！

马克斯

也将副本放在这里； http://pythonfiddle.com/python-find-string-in-dictionary

#map hardware ID to location
location_hw_map = {'285A9282300F1' : 'outside1',
                   '123456789' : 'lounge',
                   '987654321' : 'kitchen'}


testString = "uyrfr-abcdefgh/123456789/foobar"

if any(z in testString for z in location_hw_map):
        print "found" #found the HW ID in testString
        #neither of the below work!!
        #print location_hw_map[testString] #print the location
        #print location_hw_map[z]

Answer 1

不用使用any()来检查测试字符串是否在字典的键中，而是遍历字典的键：

for i in location_hw_map: # Loops through every key in the dictionary
    if i in testString: # If the key is in the test string (if "123456789" is in "uyrfr..."
        print location_hw_map[i] # Print the value of the key
        break # We break out of the loop incase of multiple keys that are in the test string 

印刷品：

lounge

Answer 2

# A generator to return key-value pairs from the dict
# whenever the key is in testString.
g = ([k,v] for k,v in location_hw_map.iteritems() if k in testString)

# Grab the first pair.
# k and v will both be None if not found.
k, v = next(g, (None, None))