如何在Django的ModelForm中从模型的自定义字段设置初始值

Question

我希望PestReport国家/地区在ModelForm中自动设置，但使用以下代码不断收到以下错误：

TypeError at /countries/italy/pestreports/create/
pest_report_create() got an unexpected keyword argument 'country'

我还最终需要确保用户只能添加与其个人资料所在国家/地区相同的国家/地区的有害生物报告。 我正在使用django-countries 。

如何在下面的代码中自动将URL的关键字参数设置为表单（用户不能选择国家/地区）？

urls.py

from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url
from .ippc.views import pest_report_create

urlpatterns = patterns("",
    # pest report add
    url(r'^countries/(?P<country>[\w-]+)/pestreports/create/$',
        view=pest_report_create,
        name='pest-report-create'),
)

models.py：

from django.db import models
from django import forms
from django_countries.fields import CountryField
from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
from django.contrib.auth.models import User

class IppcUserProfile(models.Model):
     user = models.OneToOneField("auth.User")
     country = CountryField(_("Country"))

class PestReport(models.Model):
    country = CountryField(_("Country"))
    author = models.ForeignKey(User, related_name="pest_report_author")

class PestReportForm(forms.ModelForm):

class Meta:
    model = PestReport

views.py：

from .models import UserProfile, PestReport, PestReportForm
from django.template import RequestContext
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response, get_object_or_404, redirect

def pest_report_create(request):
if request.method == "POST":

    form = form(request.POST, instance=PestReport())

    user = request.user
    author_id = user.id

    profile_user = request.profile_user
    country = profile_user.country

    if form.is_valid():
        new_pest_report = form.save(commit=False)
        new_pest_report.author_id = author_id
        new_pest_report.country = country
        form.save()
        return HttpResponseRedirect('/thank-you/')
else:
    form = form(instance=PestReport())
return render_to_response('countries/pest_report_create.html', {'form': form},
    context_instance=RequestContext(request))

由于Peter Tinkler的回答， UPDATED views.py函数（现在有效）：

def pest_report_create(request, country):

    user = request.user
    author = user
    country=user.get_profile().country

    form = PestReportForm(request.POST or None)

    if request.method == "POST":
        if form.is_valid():
            new_pest_report = form.save(commit=False)
            new_pest_report.author = request.user
            new_pest_report.author_id = author.id
            form.save()
            return redirect("pest-report-detail", country=country, year=new_pest_report.publish_date.strftime("%Y"), month=new_pest_report.publish_date.strftime("%m"), slug=new_pest_report.slug)
    else:

        form = PestReportForm(initial={'country': country}, instance=PestReport())

    return render_to_response('countries/pest_report_create.html', {'form': form},
        context_instance=RequestContext(request))

国家/模板/ pest_report_create.html：

{% extends "base.html" %}

{% block main %}

<form class="customform" method="POST" action="">
    {% csrf_token %}
    {{ form.non_field_errors }}
    {{ form.as_p }}
    <input type="submit" value="Submit />
</form>

{% endblock %}

Answer 1

您的网址有一个参数：

(?P<country>[\w-]+)

它试图传递给您的视图，但您的视图不接受该参数。

def pest_report_create(request):

应该

def pest_report_create(request, country):

然后，您需要在表单的初始数据中传递国家/地区：

form = PestReportForm(inital={'country': country}

我还建议不要在模型模块中定义表单