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正确实现单链列表C ++

[英]Correctly implementing a singly linked list C++

我有一个列出雇主名称的清单,例如:

节点1:Jill, Matt ,Joe,Bob, Matt

节点2:杰夫,詹姆斯, 约翰 ,乔纳森, 约翰 ,爱德华

节点3:Matt,Doe, Ron ,Pablo, RonChaseRon ,Chase,Loui

而且我正尝试将其到达重复出现的位置,并将其发送到列表的最前面并删除该当前节点,以使其看起来像这样

节点1: Matt ,Jill,Joe,Bob

节点2: John ,Jeff,James,Jonathan,Edward

节点3: ChaseRon ,Matt,Doe,Pablo,Loui

不幸的是,我的输出接近我想要的。 它正在删除重复的条目,但没有发送到最前面。

我的输出:

节点1:Jill, Matt ,Joe,Bob,

好吧,走着瞧:

当您在此时点击if (ptr->data == p->data)时:

  • pp指向列表的末尾
  • p是您的新节点(没有指向它,也没有指向任何东西)
  • ptr指向具有重复数据的节点

为了删除节点,您实际上需要使next指针指向ptr否则如何从列表中删除ptr 因此,您实际上需要检查:

if (head && head->data == p->data)
{
    // do nothing as duplicate entry is already head of list
    delete p;
    return;
}

node *ptr = head;
while (ptr)
{
    if (ptr->next && ptr->next->data == p->data)
    {
        node *duplicate = ptr->next;
        ptr->next = duplicate->next; // skip the duplicate node
        duplicate->next = head;      // duplicate points to head
        head = duplicate;            // head is now the duplicate
        delete p;                    // otherwise leaking memory
        return;
    }
    ptr = ptr->next;
}

if (pp) // points to tail as per your code
{
    pp->next = p;
    ++N;
}

我将变量名更改为更易读,但保留了前向声明,以防您需要这样的声明。 我发现的问题是,您始终将节点插入列表的末尾,无论您是否发现它是重复的。 此外,您的评论行似乎很近,但仅当单独出现时。 使用pp=p东西,会引起问题。 请尝试以下操作,看看是否可行。 您仍然会泄漏内存,但是它将帮助您入门:

void list::put(int i) {  //Where i is a random number
    node *current =head;
    node *added =new node(employers[i]);
    node *tail =head;
    node *prev = NULL;
    bool foundRepeat = false;



    while (current!=NULL)
    {
        if (current->data == added->data)
        {  
            if (prev)
                prev->next = current->next;

            current->next=head;
            head=current;
            foundRepeat = true;
            break;
        }
        prev = current;
        current=current->next;
    }

    if (!foundRepeat)
    {
        while (tail->next) 
        {
            tail=tail->next;
        }
        tail->next=added;
    }

    N++;
}

对于它的价值,我可能会这样实现。

class EmployerCollection
{
public:
    typedef std::list<std::string> EmployerList;

public:
    bool AddEmployer(const std::string& name)
    {
        EmployerList::const_iterator it = std::find(m_employers.begin(), m_employers.end(), name);
        if (it != m_employers.end()) // Already exists in list.
        {
            m_employers.splice(m_employers.begin(), m_employers, it, std::next(it));
            return true;
        }
        m_employers.push_front(name);
        return false;
    }

private:
    EmployerList m_employers;
};

int main()
{
    const int NUM_EMPLOYERS = 15;
    std::string employers[NUM_EMPLOYERS] = {"Jill", "Jeff", "Doe", "Pablo", "Loui", "Ron", "Bob", "Joe", "Monica", "Luis", "Edward", "Matt", "James", "Edward", "John"};

    EmployerCollection c;

    for (int i=0; i<NUM_EMPLOYERS; i++)
    {
        bool duplicate = c.AddEmployer(employers[i]);
        printf("Added %s to employer list - duplicate: %s \n", employers[i].c_str(), duplicate ? "True" : "False");
    }

    system("pause");
} 

我添加了查找功能

typedef struct node{
  string data;
  struct node *net, *prev;
 }node;      


class list {
public:
    list():head(NULL), N(0){}
    ~list(){
    //Implementation for cleanup
     }

void add(string name){  //rather than accessing the global data, use the value passed
    node* p = new node(name);
    p->next=p->prev=NULL;
    node* pp = find(name);
    if(pp==NULL){
      // No match found, append to rear
      if(head==NULL)
        head=p;  //list empty, add first element
      else{
        node* cur=head;
        while(cur->next!=NULL) //Keep looking until a slot is found
          cur=cur->next;
        cur->next=p;
        p->prev=cur;
      }
    }
    else{
        //Match found, detach it from its location
        node* pPrev = pp->prev;
        pPrev->next = pp->next;
        pp->next->prev=pPrev;
        p->next = head; //append it to the front & adjust pointers
        head->prev=p;
    }
    N++;
    }

    //MER: finds a matching element and returns the node otherwise returns NULL
    node* find(string name){
        node *cur=head;
        if(cur==NULL) // is it a blank list?
          return NULL;
        else if(cur->data==head) //is first element the same?
          return head;
        else   // Keep looking until the list ends
          while(cur->next!=NULL){
          if(cur->data==name)
            return cur;
            cur=cur->next;
          }
        return NULL;
}
friend ostream& operator << (ostream& os, const list& mylist);

private:
    int N;
    node *head;

};

现在有些人可能会告诉您使用STL中的列表n永远不要编写您自己的代码,因为您无法击败STL,但是对我来说,很好的是,您正在实现自己的代码,以清楚地了解它在现实中的工作方式。

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