Scrapy 和 Django 导入错误

Question

当我通过 Python 脚本调用 Spider 时，它给了我一个ImportError ：

ImportError: No module named app.models

我的items.py是这样的：

from scrapy.item import Item, Field
from scrapy.contrib.djangoitem import DjangoItem

from app.models import Person

class aqaqItem(DjangoItem):
    django_model=Person
    pass

我的settings.py是这样的：

#
# For simplicity, this file contains only the most important settings by
# default. All the other settings are documented here:
#
#     http://doc.scrapy.org/topics/settings.html
#


BOT_NAME = 'aqaq'
BOT_VERSION = '1.0'

SPIDER_MODULES = ['aqaq.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'aqaq.spiders'
USER_AGENT = '%s/%s' % (BOT_NAME, BOT_VERSION)
ITEM_PIPELINES = [
                        'aqaq.pipelines.JsonWithEncodingPipeline']

import sys
import os
c=os.getcwd()
os.chdir("../../myweb")
d=os.getcwd()
os.chdir(c)
sys.path.insert(0, d)

# Setting up django's settings module name.
# This module is located at /home/rolando/projects/myweb/myweb/settings.py.
import os
os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'myweb.settings'

我调用蜘蛛的 Python 脚本是这样的：

from twisted.internet import reactor
from scrapy.crawler import Crawler
from scrapy import log, signals
from final.aqaq.aqaq.spiders.spider import aqaqspider
from scrapy.utils.project import get_project_settings
def stop_reactor():
    reactor.stop()

spider = aqaqspider(domain='aqaq.com')
settings = get_project_settings()
crawler = Crawler(settings)
crawler.signals.connect(reactor.stop, signal=signals.spider_closed)
crawler.configure()
crawler.crawl(spider)
crawler.start()
log.start()
reactor.run()

我的目录结构是这样的：

.
|-- aqaq
|   |-- aqaq
|   |   |-- call.py
|   |   |-- __init__.py
|   |   |-- __init__.pyc
|   |   |-- items.py
|   |   |-- items.pyc
|   |   |-- pipelines.py
|   |   |-- pipelines.pyc
|   |   |-- settings.py
|   |   |-- settings.pyc
|   |   `-- spiders
|   |       |-- aqaq.json
|   |       |-- __init__.py
|   |       |-- __init__.pyc
|   |       |-- item.json
|   |       |-- spider.py
|   |       |-- spider.pyc
|   |       `-- url
|   |-- call.py
|   |-- call_spider.py
|   `-- scrapy.cfg
|-- mybot
|   |-- mybot
|   |   |-- __init__.py
|   |   |-- items.py
|   |   |-- pipelines.py
|   |   |-- settings.py
|   |   `-- spiders
|   |       |-- example.py
|   |       `-- __init__.py
|   `-- scrapy.cfg
`-- myweb
    |-- app
    |   |-- admin.py
    |   |-- admin.pyc
    |   |-- __init__.py
    |   |-- __init__.pyc
    |   |-- models.py
    |   |-- models.pyc
    |   |-- tests.py
    |   `-- views.py
    |-- manage.py
    `-- myweb
        |-- file
        |-- __init__.py
        |-- __init__.pyc
        |-- settings.py
        |-- settings.pyc
        |-- urls.py
        |-- urls.pyc
        |-- wsgi.py
        `-- wsgi.pyc

请帮助我，因为我是 Scrapy 的新手。

我真的很困惑我尝试导入

import os
os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'myweb.settings

在我最上面的脚本中出现了新错误

get_project_settings is invalid

我的可怕版本也是 18

谢谢大家我得到了解决方案

Answer 1

也许您的问题是您在设置之前导入了蜘蛛。 ImportError可能来自您items.py的from app.models import Person 。

因此，在设置设置后导入您的蜘蛛：

crawler.configure()

from final.aqaq.aqaq.spiders.spider import aqaqspider
spider = aqaqspider(domain='aqaq.com')

crawler.crawl(spider)

Answer 2

前段时间我在Medium写过这篇文章，也许可以帮到你！

https://medium.com/@tiago.piovesan.tp/make-a-crawler-with-django-and-scrapy-a41adfdd24d9

这是库之间的集成配置： crawler/settings.py

import os
import sys
sys.path.append(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))), ".."))
os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'myweb.settings'
import django
django.setup()