这是使用MVVM设计模式创建新窗口的最佳方法

Question

我想问问哪种是使用MVVM模式和MVVMLight框架显示子窗口的最佳方法。 我已经在此站点上阅读了几个线程，但是我似乎并不理解所编写的代码到底在做什么，因此请提供您的想法的详细说明。

Answer 1

我使用一项服务来显示新窗口或新对话框。

您可以在此处查看我的第一个版本的对话框

我最近几天在界面上添加了一些重载

public interface IUIDialogWindowService
{
    ///<summary>
    /// Zeigt ein Dialog an.
    ///</summary>
    ///<param name="titel">Titel für den Dialog</param>
    ///<param name="datacontext">DataContext für den Dialog</param>
    ///<returns>true wenn DialogResult=true, ansonsten false</returns>
    bool? ShowDialog(string titel, object datacontext);

    ///<summary>
    /// Zeigt ein Dialog an.
    ///</summary>
    ///<param name="titel">Titel für den Dialog</param>
    ///<param name="datacontext">DataContext für den Dialog</param>
    ///<param name="minHeigth">Minimum Height</param>
    ///<param name="minWidth">Minimum Width</param>
    ///<param name="maxHeigth">Maximum Height</param>
    ///<param name="maxWidth">Maximum Width</param>
    ///<returns>true wenn DialogResult=true, ansonsten false</returns>
    bool? ShowDialog(string titel, object datacontext, double minHeigth = 0, double minWidth=0, double maxHeigth = double.PositiveInfinity, double maxWidth = double.PositiveInfinity);


    /// <summary>
    /// Zeigt ein Dialog an
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="titel">Titel für den Dialog<</param>
    /// <param name="datacontext">DataContext für den Dialog</param>
    /// <param name="settings">ApplicationsSetting für Height and Width</param>
    /// <param name="pathHeigthSetting">Name für Height Setting</param>
    /// <param name="pathWidthSetting">Name für Width Setting</param>
    /// <param name="minHeigth">Minimum Height</param>
    /// <param name="minWidth">Minimum Width</param>
    /// <param name="maxHeigth">Maximum Height</param>
    /// <param name="maxWidth">Maximum Width</param>
    /// <returns>true wenn DialogResult=true, ansonsten false</returns>
    bool? ShowDialog(string titel, object datacontext, ApplicationSettingsBase settings, string pathHeigthSetting, string pathWidthSetting, double minHeigth = 0, double minWidth = 0, double maxHeigth = double.PositiveInfinity, double maxWidth = double.PositiveInfinity);
}


///<summary>
/// Implementierung von <see cref="IUIDialogWindowService"/>
///</summary>
[PartCreationPolicy(CreationPolicy.Shared)]
[Export(typeof(IUIDialogWindowService))]
public class WpfUIDialogWindowService : IUIDialogWindowService
{
    #region Implementation of IUIDialogWindowService

    ///<summary>
    /// Zeigt ein Dialog an.
    ///</summary>
    ///<param name="titel">Titel für den Dialog</param>
    ///<param name="datacontext">DataContext für den Dialog</param>
    ///<returns>true wenn DialogResult=true, ansonsten false</returns>
    public bool? ShowDialog(string titel, object datacontext)
    {
        var win = new DialogWindow {Title = titel, DataContext = datacontext};

        return win.ShowDialog();
    }

    ///<summary>
    /// Zeigt ein Dialog an.
    ///</summary>
    ///<param name="titel">Titel für den Dialog</param>
    ///<param name="datacontext">DataContext für den Dialog</param>
    ///<param name="minHeigth">Minimum Height</param>
    ///<param name="minWidth">Minimum Width</param>
    ///<param name="maxHeigth">Maximum Height</param>
    ///<param name="maxWidth">Maximum Width</param>
    ///<returns>true wenn DialogResult=true, ansonsten false</returns>
    public bool? ShowDialog(string titel, object datacontext, double minHeigth = 0, double minWidth = 0, double maxHeigth = double.PositiveInfinity, double maxWidth = double.PositiveInfinity)
    {
        var win = new DialogWindow { Title = titel, DataContext = datacontext };

        win.MinHeight = minHeigth;
        win.MinWidth = minWidth;
        win.MaxHeight = maxHeigth;
        win.MaxWidth = maxWidth;

        return win.ShowDialog();
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Zeigt ein Dialog an
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="titel">Titel für den Dialog<</param>
    /// <param name="datacontext">DataContext für den Dialog</param>
    /// <param name="settings">ApplicationsSetting für Height and Width</param>
    /// <param name="pathHeigthSetting">Name für Height Setting</param>
    /// <param name="pathWidthSetting">Name für Width Setting</param>
    /// <param name="minHeigth">Minimum Height</param>
    /// <param name="minWidth">Minimum Width</param>
    /// <param name="maxHeigth">Maximum Height</param>
    /// <param name="maxWidth">Maximum Width</param>
    /// <returns>true wenn DialogResult=true, ansonsten false</returns>
    public bool? ShowDialog(string titel, object datacontext, ApplicationSettingsBase settings, string pathHeigthSetting, string pathWidthSetting, double minHeigth = 0, double minWidth = 0, double maxHeigth = double.PositiveInfinity, double maxWidth = double.PositiveInfinity)
    {
        var win = new DialogWindow { Title = titel, DataContext = datacontext };

        win.MinHeight = minHeigth;
        win.MinWidth = minWidth;
        win.MaxHeight = maxHeigth;
        win.MaxWidth = maxWidth;

        try
        {
            if(settings != null)
            {
                win.SizeToContent = SizeToContent.Manual;

                var height = settings[pathHeigthSetting];
                var width = settings[pathWidthSetting];

                BindingOperations.SetBinding(win, FrameworkElement.HeightProperty, new Binding(pathHeigthSetting) { Source = settings, Mode = BindingMode.TwoWay });
                BindingOperations.SetBinding(win, FrameworkElement.WidthProperty, new Binding(pathWidthSetting) { Source = settings, Mode = BindingMode.TwoWay });

                win.Height = (double)height;
                win.Width = (double)width;
            }
        }
        catch
        {
            win.SizeToContent = SizeToContent.WidthAndHeight;
        }

        return win.ShowDialog();
    }





    #endregion
}

为了完整性：

<Window x:Class="DialogWindow"
         xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
         xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
         xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" 
         xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" 
         mc:Ignorable="d" 
         d:DesignHeight="300" d:DesignWidth="300"
    WindowStyle="SingleBorderWindow" 
    WindowStartupLocation="CenterOwner" SizeToContent="WidthAndHeight"
    Style="{DynamicResource {x:Type Window}}">
<ContentPresenter x:Name="DialogPresenter" Content="{Binding .}">

</ContentPresenter>
</Window>

public partial class DialogWindow : Window
{
    public DialogWindow()
    {
        InitializeComponent();
        this.DialogPresenter.DataContextChanged += DialogPresenterDataContextChanged;
    }



    private void DialogPresenterDataContextChanged(object sender, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)
    {
        var d = e.NewValue as IDialogResultVMHelper;

        if (d == null)
            return;

        d.RequestCloseDialog += new EventHandler<RequestCloseDialogEventArgs>(DialogResultTrueEvent).MakeWeak(eh => d.RequestCloseDialog -= eh);
    }

    private void DialogResultTrueEvent(object sender, RequestCloseDialogEventArgs eventargs)
    {
        this.DialogResult = eventargs.DialogResult;
    }
}

public class RequestCloseDialogEventArgs : EventArgs
{
    public RequestCloseDialogEventArgs(bool dialogresult)
    {
        this.DialogResult = dialogresult;
    }

    public bool DialogResult
    {
        get; set;
    }
}

public interface IDialogResultVMHelper
{
    event EventHandler<RequestCloseDialogEventArgs> RequestCloseDialog;
}

Answer 2

首先是一个问题，另一个是违反直觉的问题。 打开新窗口动作与MVVM有什么关系？

我个人认为根本没有任何联系。 实际上，就像其他几个UI构造一样，它完全在View层中发生。 还有其他一些类似的概念，

• 基于导航的界面（使用NavigationWindow），其中将数据填充到表单中， Next按Next ）以切换到下一页
• 打开上下文菜单，其中包含一组可变的操作
• 一个选项卡式控件，可动态加载活动页面

所有这些都是向用户显示新视图的不同方式。 仅通过显示绑定到ViewModel的新UI元素，所有这些元素都存在于View层中。

但是...围绕MVVM发展了很多模式来支持这一点。 通常，这是使用服务或控制器来处理视图操作，请检查所选的MVVM库是否支持显示新视图的方法。

最后，让我感到困惑的一件事是，当您需要执行操作并更改视图时发生了什么。 通常，您会将UI对象（例如按钮）绑定到ViewModel级别的命令以执行操作，然后依靠绑定来更新显示新值的UI控件。 由于ViewModel不应该了解View，因此任何更改UI的操作都只能在View中进行。 这意味着您无法绑定到ViewModel命令。 幸运的是，您可以在视图级别创建一个命令，该命令委派给视图模型级别的操作并更改UI。

（嗯...回读，不确定是否能回答问题，但这可能有助于阐明您的想法）