在python中的函数中定义列表

Question

import nltk 
from nltk.corpus import cess_esp #corpus of spanish texts
new_tagged = [w for w in cess_esp.tagged_words() if w[1][0] == 'v'] #extract all verbs from the corpus
lowers = sorted([(w[0].lower(), w[1]) for w in new_tagged]) #lowercase the words, sort them alphabetically

uniends = ['ar','er','as','ad','ed',
'id','ase','an','en','es','\xc3\xa9is','emos', 'o'] #endings of conjugated verbs (it is actually much longer, but the endings are irrelevant to my question here)

uniends.sort(key=len, reverse=True) #rearrange in decreasing length, so the correct endings get cut off

def lem(list): #lemmatize a list of conjugated spanish verbs
    lems = [] #create an empty list for lemmas
    for t in list: #loop through the list
        if t[0] == 'ir': #first, account for some irregulars that would disappear
            stem = 'ir'
        if t[0] == 's\xc3\xa9':
            stem = 'sab'
            lems.append(stem) #add stems to lems
        for end in uniends: #loop through the list of endings
            if t[0].endswith(end): #if the verb has an ending (which they all do)
                stem = t[0][0:-len(end)] #cut off the ending
                if stem == 'pued' or stem == 'pud': #account for common irregulars.
                    stem = 'pod'
                if stem == 'estuv':
                    stem = 'est'
                if stem == 'cuent':
                    stem = 'cont'
                if stem == 'tien' or stem == 'tuv':
                    stem = 'ten'
                if stem == 'hiz' or stem == 'hag':
                    stem = 'hac'
                if stem == 'dij':
                    stem = 'dec'
                if stem == 'vist':
                    stem = 'v'
                if stem == 'jueg':
                    stem = 'jug'
                if stem == 'sup':
                    stem = 'sab'
                if stem == 'veng':
                    stem = 'ven'
                if stem =='hub' or stem == 'h':
                    stem = 'hab'
                lems.append(stem) #add the stem to the list of lemmas
    return lems

该函数返回一个列表，lems，但是如果函数运行后我尝试对lems进行任何操作，则会出现错误：未定义名称“ lems”。 我以为我在第二行中将其定义为函数lem（list）的一部分，然后通过在其上附加词干来填充它。 在列表上运行函数后，如何使该函数成为可以使用的列表？

Answer 1

lems仅在lem函数中定义，返回时未将其分配给任何人，因此一种方法是将lems作为gloabl项目，另一种方法是将len结果分配给某人。

就像是：

lems = []
def lem(list): #lemmatize a list of conjugated spanish verbs
    global lems
    ...

要么

lems2 = lem(...)

我不想

lems = lem(...)

因为我不知道您代码的其他部分。