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从C ++ dll到Python的指针矢量返回指针

[英]Returning pointer on vector of pointers from C++ dll to Python

我已成功将指向指针的指针(包含wchar_t* )从c ++ dll返回到Python,如下所示:C ++代码:

...
typedef struct myStruct{
    wchar_t* id; 
    wchar_t* content; 
    wchar_t* message;
} myStruct;

DLLAPI myStruct* DLLApiGetStruct(){
    myStruct* testStruct = new myStruct();
    testStruct->id = _T("some id"); 
    testStruct->content = _T("some content"); 
    testStruct->message = _T("some message");
    return testStruct;
}

Python代码:

class MyPyStruct(Structure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("id", c_wchar_p),
        ("content", c_wchar_p),
        ("message", c_wchar_p)
        ]
...
...
myDLL = cdll.LoadLibrary('myDLL.dll')
myDLL.DLLApiGetStruct.restype = POINTER(MyPyStruct)
result = myDLL.DLLApiGetStruct().contents
print result.id, result.content, result. message# those are valid values

好的,这很好, 问题是现在我需要在指向这些结构的指针的向量上返回指针。 我已经试过了:

C ++代码:

typedef std::vector<myStruct*> myVector;
...
DLLAPI myVector* DLLApiGetVector(){
    myVector* testVektor = new myVector();
    for(i=0; i< 5; i++){
        myStruct* testStruct = new myStruct();
        testStruct->id = _T("some id"); 
        testStruct->content = _T("some content"); 
        testStruct->message = _T("some message");
        testVektor->push_back(testStruct);
    }
    return testVektor;// all values in it are valid
}

Python代码:

#我认为第一行和第二行不正确(这是进行restype的正确方法吗?):

vectorOfPointersType = (POINTER(DeltaDataStruct) * 5)  #5 is number of structures in vector
myDLL.DLLApiGetVector.restype = POINTER(vectorOfPointersType)
vectorOfPointersOnMyStruct= myDLL.DLLApiGetVector.contents
for pointerOnMyStruct in vectorOfPointersOnMyStruct:
   result = pointerOnMyStruct.contents
   print result.id, result.content, result.message

最后一行中的值无效-我猜这是内存中的一些随机部分。 这是我得到的错误:

UnicodeEncodeError: 'charmap' codec can't encode characters in position 0-11: character maps to <undefined>

vector与C兼容,但是您需要将第一个元素的地址传递给C调用者(或ctypes)。 就是说,您必须保持指向vector的指针,以便稍后释放它。 我认为从一开始就使用数组会更好。 您可以将int out参数传递给函数,以接收数组的长度。 由于您使用new进行分配,因此请记住,如果分配失败,则会捕获bad_alloc异常。

就个人而言,我将使用结构数组而不是指针数组,以使数据位于单个连续的块中。 这会在ctypes中产生更清晰的界面。 使用指针数组,您必须取消引用两次才能获取该结构。

C ++:

#include <new>
#include <cwchar>

typedef struct myStruct {
    wchar_t *id;
    wchar_t *content;
    wchar_t *message;
} myStruct;

const wchar_t ID[] = L"some id";
const wchar_t CONTENT[] = L"some content";
const wchar_t MESSAGE[] = L"some message";

DLLAPI myStruct **DLLApiGetArray(int *size)
{
    int i, n = 5;
    myStruct **result;
    try {
        result = new myStruct *[n];
        for(i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            myStruct *tmp = new myStruct();
            tmp->id = new wchar_t[wcslen(ID) + 1];
            tmp->content = new wchar_t[wcslen(CONTENT) + 1];
            tmp->message = new wchar_t[wcslen(MESSAGE) + 1];
            wcscpy(tmp->id, ID);
            wcscpy(tmp->content, CONTENT);
            wcscpy(tmp->message, MESSAGE);
            result[i] = tmp;
        }
    } catch (std::bad_alloc &ba) {
        *size = -1; return NULL;
    }
    *size = n; return result;
}

蟒蛇:

from ctypes import *

class myStruct(Structure):
    _fields_ = [
        ("id", c_wchar_p),
        ("content", c_wchar_p),
        ("message", c_wchar_p)
    ]

myDLL = cdll.myDLL
myDLL.DLLApiGetArray.restype = POINTER(POINTER(myStruct))
myDLL.DLLApiGetArray.argtypes = [POINTER(c_int)]

n = c_int()
p = myDLL.DLLApiGetArray(byref(n))
n = n.value

遍历结果的示例:

>>> for i in range(n):
...     print i, p[i][0].id
...
0 some id
1 some id
2 some id
3 some id
4 some id

仅供参考,将_T宏与显式wchar_t数组一起使用是不正确的。 这适用于Microsoft的TCHAR类型,可编译为ANSI vs Unicode。 使用L"wide character string literals"

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