SQL SERVER查询中的UNION

Question

我是SQL SERVER的初学者。 我有这个2查询：

第一个查询：

SELECT 'OK' AS STATUS, COUNT(*) AS BIL 
FROM 
(SELECT D.DAJ_NODAFTAR 
FROM BATM112_DES_AMJENTERA AS D 
WHERE D.DAJ_KODKAT='VTC' 
AND (SELECT TOP 1 DAJ_KLASIFIKASI FROM BATM112_RKDKLASIFIKASI WHERE     
DAJ_NODAFTAR=D.DAJ_NODAFTAR ORDER BY DAJ_TKHDE DESC )='OK') D

第二查询：

SELECT 'NOT OK' AS STATUS, COUNT(*) AS BIL 
FROM 
(SELECT D.DAJ_NODAFTAR 
FROM BATM112_DES_AMJENTERA AS D 
WHERE D.DAJ_KODKAT='VTC' 
AND (SELECT TOP 1 DAJ_KLASIFIKASI FROM BATM112_RKDKLASIFIKASI WHERE     
DAJ_NODAFTAR=D.DAJ_NODAFTAR ORDER BY DAJ_TKHDE DESC )='NOT OK') D

当我尝试运行这两个查询时，结果显示完美，但是当我尝试使用UNION合并这两个查询时，如下所示：

SELECT 'OK' AS STATUS, COUNT(*) AS BIL 
FROM 
(SELECT D.DAJ_NODAFTAR 
FROM BATM112_DES_AMJENTERA AS D 
WHERE D.DAJ_KODKAT='VTC' 
AND (SELECT TOP 1 DAJ_KLASIFIKASI FROM BATM112_RKDKLASIFIKASI WHERE     
DAJ_NODAFTAR=D.DAJ_NODAFTAR ORDER BY DAJ_TKHDE DESC )='OK') D
UNION
SELECT 'NOT OK' AS STATUS, COUNT(*) AS BIL 
FROM 
(SELECT D.DAJ_NODAFTAR 
FROM BATM112_DES_AMJENTERA AS D 
WHERE D.DAJ_KODKAT='VTC' 
AND (SELECT TOP 1 DAJ_KLASIFIKASI FROM BATM112_RKDKLASIFIKASI WHERE     
DAJ_NODAFTAR=D.DAJ_NODAFTAR ORDER BY DAJ_TKHDE DESC )='NOT OK') D

出现此错误消息：

消息104，第15级，状态1，第1行
如果该语句包含UNION运算符，则ORDER BY项目必须出现在选择列表中。

谁能告诉我如何解决此错误？

Answer 1

错误消息已经指出了答案。 只需在查询中删除两个“ ORDER BY DAJ_TKHDE DESC”即可。 这就对了！ 然后再次运行联合查询。

SELECT 'OK' AS STATUS, COUNT(*) AS BIL 
FROM 
(SELECT D.DAJ_NODAFTAR 
FROM BATM112_DES_AMJENTERA AS D 
WHERE D.DAJ_KODKAT='VTC' 
AND (SELECT TOP 1 DAJ_KLASIFIKASI FROM BATM112_RKDKLASIFIKASI WHERE     
DAJ_NODAFTAR=D.DAJ_NODAFTAR)='OK') D

UNION

SELECT 'NOT OK' AS STATUS, COUNT(*) AS BIL 
FROM 
(SELECT D.DAJ_NODAFTAR 
FROM BATM112_DES_AMJENTERA AS D 
WHERE D.DAJ_KODKAT='VTC' 
AND (SELECT TOP 1 DAJ_KLASIFIKASI FROM BATM112_RKDKLASIFIKASI WHERE     
DAJ_NODAFTAR=D.DAJ_NODAFTAR)='NOT OK') D

更新

要提供第二种解决方案（替代方法），

declare @MyTable table
(
    Status varchar(25),
    Count int
)

insert into @MyTable
your first query

insert into @MyTable
your second query

select * from @MyTable

Answer 2

您应该能够首先使用窗口CTE来消除子查询中对订单的需求。 字段的复杂性使得我还没有建立示例数据来进行验证，但是类似：

WITH cte AS (
 SELECT DAJ_KLASIFIKASI
       ,DAJ_NODAFTAR
       ,ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY DAJ_NODAFTAR ORDER BY DAJ_TKHDE DESC)
   FROM BATM112_RKDKLASIFIKASI
)
SELECT 'OK' AS STATUS,
       COUNT(*) AS BIL
FROM   (SELECT D.DAJ_NODAFTAR
        FROM   BATM112_DES_AMJENTERA AS D
        WHERE  D.DAJ_KODKAT = 'VTC'
               AND (SELECT DAJ_KLASIFIKASI FROM cte WHERE DAJ_NODAFTAR = D.DAJ_NODAFTAR AND rn=1) = 'OK') AS D
UNION
SELECT 'NOT OK' AS STATUS,
       COUNT(*) AS BIL
FROM   (SELECT D.DAJ_NODAFTAR
        FROM   BATM112_DES_AMJENTERA AS D
        WHERE  D.DAJ_KODKAT = 'VTC'
               AND (SELECT DAJ_KLASIFIKASI FROM cte WHERE DAJ_NODAFTAR = D.DAJ_NODAFTAR AND rn=1) = 'NOT OK') AS D

在sql-server-order-by-in-subquery-with-union中也有类似的讨论。

Answer 3

您将需要重新安排查询。 我在以下查询中的目的是将子查询值（在表变量中具有“ order by”的查询）保留在表变量中，并且该表变量会将子查询替换为“ Order by”

Declare @temp Table
(
 DAJ_KLASIFIKASI nvarchar(50)
)

Insert into @temp values
SELECT TOP 1 DAJ_KLASIFIKASI FROM BATM112_RKDKLASIFIKASI WHERE   
DAJ_NODAFTAR in ( SELECT D.DAJ_NODAFTAR FROM BATM112_DES_AMJENTERA AS D WHERE D.DAJ_KODKAT='VTC') and DAJ_Klasifikasi = 'NOT OK' ORDER BY DAJ_TKHDE DESC 

Insert into @temp values
SELECT TOP 1 DAJ_KLASIFIKASI FROM BATM112_RKDKLASIFIKASI WHERE   
DAJ_NODAFTAR in (SELECT D.DAJ_NODAFTAR FROM BATM112_DES_AMJENTERA AS D WHERE D.DAJ_KODKAT='VTC') and DAJ_Klasifikasi = 'OK' ORDER BY DAJ_TKHDE DESC 

Y我们修改后的查询：

SELECT 'OK' AS STATUS, COUNT(*) AS BIL 
FROM 
(SELECT D.DAJ_NODAFTAR 
FROM BATM112_DES_AMJENTERA AS D 
WHERE D.DAJ_KODKAT='VTC' 
AND ((SELECT DAJ_KLASIFIKASI FROM @temp where DAJ_Klasifikasi='OK')='OK') D
UNION
SELECT 'NOT OK' AS STATUS, COUNT(*) AS BIL 
FROM 
(SELECT D.DAJ_NODAFTAR 
FROM BATM112_DES_AMJENTERA AS D 
WHERE D.DAJ_KODKAT='VTC' 
AND ((SELECT DAJ_KLASIFIKASI FROM @temp where DAJ_Klasifikasi='NOT OK')='NOT OK') D

注意：此查询未经测试，因为我没有示例数据。 因此请在使用前进行彻底测试。 您需要以在主查询中删除订单为目标。

Answer 4

您是否有可能因不必要的合并而使它过于复杂？ 我在跟踪表/字段名称时遇到了一些麻烦，但是我认为您要尝试做的只是将OK或NOT OK冒泡并计算发生的次数。 也许用GROUP BY代替？

SELECT STATUS,
       COUNT(*) AS BIL
  FROM (SELECT D.DAJ_NODAFTAR
              ,(SELECT TOP 1 
                       DAJ_KLASIFIKASI
                  FROM BATM112_RKDKLASIFIKASI
                 WHERE DAJ_NODAFTAR = D.DAJ_NODAFTAR
                 ORDER BY DAJ_TKHDE DESC) STATUS
          FROM BATM112_DES_AMJENTERA AS D
         WHERE D.DAJ_KODKAT = 'VTC') a
 GROUP BY STATUS

Answer 5

只需从1st select查询中删除订单即可。 使用联合时，这是不允许的。 因此，您将收到此错误。

使用联合时，只能在最后一个（此处为2nd）select查询中使用order by子句。

如果您的需求确实也需要在第一个查询中排序，则可以在此处找到解决方案。

SQL查询-在UNION中使用Order By