SQL SERVER查詢中的UNION

Question

我是SQL SERVER的初學者。 我有這個2查詢：

第一個查詢：

SELECT 'OK' AS STATUS, COUNT(*) AS BIL 
FROM 
(SELECT D.DAJ_NODAFTAR 
FROM BATM112_DES_AMJENTERA AS D 
WHERE D.DAJ_KODKAT='VTC' 
AND (SELECT TOP 1 DAJ_KLASIFIKASI FROM BATM112_RKDKLASIFIKASI WHERE     
DAJ_NODAFTAR=D.DAJ_NODAFTAR ORDER BY DAJ_TKHDE DESC )='OK') D

第二查詢：

SELECT 'NOT OK' AS STATUS, COUNT(*) AS BIL 
FROM 
(SELECT D.DAJ_NODAFTAR 
FROM BATM112_DES_AMJENTERA AS D 
WHERE D.DAJ_KODKAT='VTC' 
AND (SELECT TOP 1 DAJ_KLASIFIKASI FROM BATM112_RKDKLASIFIKASI WHERE     
DAJ_NODAFTAR=D.DAJ_NODAFTAR ORDER BY DAJ_TKHDE DESC )='NOT OK') D

當我嘗試運行這兩個查詢時，結果顯示完美，但是當我嘗試使用UNION合並這兩個查詢時，如下所示：

SELECT 'OK' AS STATUS, COUNT(*) AS BIL 
FROM 
(SELECT D.DAJ_NODAFTAR 
FROM BATM112_DES_AMJENTERA AS D 
WHERE D.DAJ_KODKAT='VTC' 
AND (SELECT TOP 1 DAJ_KLASIFIKASI FROM BATM112_RKDKLASIFIKASI WHERE     
DAJ_NODAFTAR=D.DAJ_NODAFTAR ORDER BY DAJ_TKHDE DESC )='OK') D
UNION
SELECT 'NOT OK' AS STATUS, COUNT(*) AS BIL 
FROM 
(SELECT D.DAJ_NODAFTAR 
FROM BATM112_DES_AMJENTERA AS D 
WHERE D.DAJ_KODKAT='VTC' 
AND (SELECT TOP 1 DAJ_KLASIFIKASI FROM BATM112_RKDKLASIFIKASI WHERE     
DAJ_NODAFTAR=D.DAJ_NODAFTAR ORDER BY DAJ_TKHDE DESC )='NOT OK') D

出現此錯誤消息：

消息104，第15級，狀態1，第1行
如果該語句包含UNION運算符，則ORDER BY項目必須出現在選擇列表中。

誰能告訴我如何解決此錯誤？

Answer 1

錯誤消息已經指出了答案。 只需在查詢中刪除兩個“ ORDER BY DAJ_TKHDE DESC”即可。 這就對了！ 然后再次運行聯合查詢。

SELECT 'OK' AS STATUS, COUNT(*) AS BIL 
FROM 
(SELECT D.DAJ_NODAFTAR 
FROM BATM112_DES_AMJENTERA AS D 
WHERE D.DAJ_KODKAT='VTC' 
AND (SELECT TOP 1 DAJ_KLASIFIKASI FROM BATM112_RKDKLASIFIKASI WHERE     
DAJ_NODAFTAR=D.DAJ_NODAFTAR)='OK') D

UNION

SELECT 'NOT OK' AS STATUS, COUNT(*) AS BIL 
FROM 
(SELECT D.DAJ_NODAFTAR 
FROM BATM112_DES_AMJENTERA AS D 
WHERE D.DAJ_KODKAT='VTC' 
AND (SELECT TOP 1 DAJ_KLASIFIKASI FROM BATM112_RKDKLASIFIKASI WHERE     
DAJ_NODAFTAR=D.DAJ_NODAFTAR)='NOT OK') D

更新

要提供第二種解決方案（替代方法），

declare @MyTable table
(
    Status varchar(25),
    Count int
)

insert into @MyTable
your first query

insert into @MyTable
your second query

select * from @MyTable

Answer 2

您應該能夠首先使用窗口CTE來消除子查詢中對訂單的需求。 字段的復雜性使得我還沒有建立示例數據來進行驗證，但是類似：

WITH cte AS (
 SELECT DAJ_KLASIFIKASI
       ,DAJ_NODAFTAR
       ,ROW_NUMBER() OVER (PARTITION BY DAJ_NODAFTAR ORDER BY DAJ_TKHDE DESC)
   FROM BATM112_RKDKLASIFIKASI
)
SELECT 'OK' AS STATUS,
       COUNT(*) AS BIL
FROM   (SELECT D.DAJ_NODAFTAR
        FROM   BATM112_DES_AMJENTERA AS D
        WHERE  D.DAJ_KODKAT = 'VTC'
               AND (SELECT DAJ_KLASIFIKASI FROM cte WHERE DAJ_NODAFTAR = D.DAJ_NODAFTAR AND rn=1) = 'OK') AS D
UNION
SELECT 'NOT OK' AS STATUS,
       COUNT(*) AS BIL
FROM   (SELECT D.DAJ_NODAFTAR
        FROM   BATM112_DES_AMJENTERA AS D
        WHERE  D.DAJ_KODKAT = 'VTC'
               AND (SELECT DAJ_KLASIFIKASI FROM cte WHERE DAJ_NODAFTAR = D.DAJ_NODAFTAR AND rn=1) = 'NOT OK') AS D

在sql-server-order-by-in-subquery-with-union中也有類似的討論。

Answer 3

您將需要重新安排查詢。 我在以下查詢中的目的是將子查詢值（在表變量中具有“ order by”的查詢）保留在表變量中，並且該表變量會將子查詢替換為“ Order by”

Declare @temp Table
(
 DAJ_KLASIFIKASI nvarchar(50)
)

Insert into @temp values
SELECT TOP 1 DAJ_KLASIFIKASI FROM BATM112_RKDKLASIFIKASI WHERE   
DAJ_NODAFTAR in ( SELECT D.DAJ_NODAFTAR FROM BATM112_DES_AMJENTERA AS D WHERE D.DAJ_KODKAT='VTC') and DAJ_Klasifikasi = 'NOT OK' ORDER BY DAJ_TKHDE DESC 

Insert into @temp values
SELECT TOP 1 DAJ_KLASIFIKASI FROM BATM112_RKDKLASIFIKASI WHERE   
DAJ_NODAFTAR in (SELECT D.DAJ_NODAFTAR FROM BATM112_DES_AMJENTERA AS D WHERE D.DAJ_KODKAT='VTC') and DAJ_Klasifikasi = 'OK' ORDER BY DAJ_TKHDE DESC 

Y我們修改后的查詢：

SELECT 'OK' AS STATUS, COUNT(*) AS BIL 
FROM 
(SELECT D.DAJ_NODAFTAR 
FROM BATM112_DES_AMJENTERA AS D 
WHERE D.DAJ_KODKAT='VTC' 
AND ((SELECT DAJ_KLASIFIKASI FROM @temp where DAJ_Klasifikasi='OK')='OK') D
UNION
SELECT 'NOT OK' AS STATUS, COUNT(*) AS BIL 
FROM 
(SELECT D.DAJ_NODAFTAR 
FROM BATM112_DES_AMJENTERA AS D 
WHERE D.DAJ_KODKAT='VTC' 
AND ((SELECT DAJ_KLASIFIKASI FROM @temp where DAJ_Klasifikasi='NOT OK')='NOT OK') D

注意：此查詢未經測試，因為我沒有示例數據。 因此請在使用前進行徹底測試。 您需要以在主查詢中刪除訂單為目標。

Answer 4

您是否有可能因不必要的合並而使它過於復雜？ 我在跟蹤表/字段名稱時遇到了一些麻煩，但是我認為您要嘗試做的只是將OK或NOT OK冒泡並計算發生的次數。 也許用GROUP BY代替？

SELECT STATUS,
       COUNT(*) AS BIL
  FROM (SELECT D.DAJ_NODAFTAR
              ,(SELECT TOP 1 
                       DAJ_KLASIFIKASI
                  FROM BATM112_RKDKLASIFIKASI
                 WHERE DAJ_NODAFTAR = D.DAJ_NODAFTAR
                 ORDER BY DAJ_TKHDE DESC) STATUS
          FROM BATM112_DES_AMJENTERA AS D
         WHERE D.DAJ_KODKAT = 'VTC') a
 GROUP BY STATUS

Answer 5

只需從1st select查詢中刪除訂單即可。 使用聯合時，這是不允許的。 因此，您將收到此錯誤。

使用聯合時，只能在最后一個（此處為2nd）select查詢中使用order by子句。

如果您的需求確實也需要在第一個查詢中排序，則可以在此處找到解決方案。

SQL查詢-在UNION中使用Order By