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如何将向量的值“转换”为R中的另一个向量

[英]how to “translate” values of a vector into another vector in R

如何转换CLASS列,以便获得新的CLASS2列,其值为“ 1” =“正”,“-1” =“负”,“ 0” =“中性”。 我知道这是一个非常基本的问题,我认为可以ifelse()使用ifelse() 但是我只是不知道如何正确使用该功能。

DATE <- c("01.01.2000","02.01.2000","03.01.2000","06.01.2000","07.01.2000","09.01.2000","10.01.2000","01.01.2000","02.01.2000","04.01.2000","06.01.2000","07.01.2000","09.01.2000","10.01.2000")
RET <- c(-2.0,1.1,3,1.4,-0.2, 0.6, 0.1, -0.21, -1.2, 0.9, 0.3, -0.1,0.3,-0.12)
CLASS <- c("1","-1","0","1","1","-1","0","1","-1","-1","1","0","0","0")
df <- data.frame(DATE, RET, CLASS)

df

输出应如下所示:

DATE <- c("01.01.2000","02.01.2000","03.01.2000","06.01.2000","07.01.2000","09.01.2000","10.01.2000","01.01.2000","02.01.2000","04.01.2000","06.01.2000","07.01.2000","09.01.2000","10.01.2000")
RET <- c(-2.0,1.1,3,1.4,-0.2, 0.6, 0.1, -0.21, -1.2, 0.9, 0.3, -0.1,0.3,-0.12)
CLASS <- c("1","-1","0","1","1","-1","0","1","-1","-1","1","0","0","0")
CLASS2 <- c("positive", "negative", "neutral", "positive", "positive", "negative", "neutral", "positive", "negative", "negative", "positive", "neutral", "neutral", "neutral")
df <- data.frame(DATE, RET, CLASS, CLASS2)

df

#          DATE   RET CLASS   CLASS2
# 1  01.01.2000 -2.00     1 positive
# 2  02.01.2000  1.10    -1 negative
# 3  03.01.2000  3.00     0  neutral
# 4  06.01.2000  1.40     1 positive
# 5  07.01.2000 -0.20     1 positive
# 6  09.01.2000  0.60    -1 negative
# 7  10.01.2000  0.10     0  neutral
# 8  01.01.2000 -0.21     1 positive
# 9  02.01.2000 -1.20    -1 negative
# 10 04.01.2000  0.90    -1 negative
# 11 06.01.2000  0.30     1 positive
# 12 07.01.2000 -0.10     0  neutral
# 13 09.01.2000  0.30     0  neutral
# 14 10.01.2000 -0.12     0  neutral

谢谢!

这是使用辅助函数和sapply进行操作的一种简单方法:

translate <- function(x) {
  if (x == '1') {
    'positive'
  } else if (x == '-1') {
    'negative'
  } else {
    'neutral'
  }
}
df <- data.frame(DATE, RET, CLASS, CLASS2=sapply(CLASS, translate))

或者,您可以使用ifelse重写translate以使其更紧凑:

translate <- function(x) {
  ifelse(x == '1', 'positive', ifelse(x == '-1', 'negative', 'neutral'))
}

两者都会产生您要求的输出。 但是也许有更好的方法。

...就像@joran建议的那样,如果CLASS是因子类型(可能是):

df$CLASS2 <- c('negative','neutral','positive')[df$CLASS]

正如@beginneR指出的那样,在我的前两个建议中不需要使用函数。 但是我喜欢使用函数来提高可读性。

这是一种一般的方法,使用match可以将其应用于更多级别:

CLASS2 <- c('positive','negative','neutral')[ match(CLASS, c('1','-1','0') ) ]

您甚至不需要定义一个函数并使用sapply ,只需创建一个新列并直接在其上使用ifelse即可:

df$Class2 <- with(df, ifelse(CLASS == '1', 'positive', ifelse(CLASS == '-1', 'negative', 'neutral')))

dplyr::case_when是一个选项:

df %>%
  mutate(
    CLASS2 = case_when(
      CLASS ==  1 ~ 'positive',
      CLASS ==  0 ~ 'neutral',
      CLASS == -1 ~ 'negative',
      TRUE ~ '?'
    )
  )

超级可读,不是吗?

尽管如果您在CLASS拥有更多级别,则键入所有那些CLASS ==条件将很麻烦。 在这种情况下,恕我直言, sapply的确是最好的选择。 或者说purrr::map

> x <- c(-1, -1, 0, 1, -1) %>% as.character()
> x %>% map(~ list(`-1` = 'negative', `0` = 'neutral', `1` = 'positive')[[.x]]) %>% unlist()
[1] "negative" "negative" "neutral"  "positive" "negative"

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